5,200 Authors & Figures(16)

1890-1974 · Ukraine

Galician Yiddish short-story writer.

1235–1290 · Espagne

Spanish talmudist

c. 1400-1200 av. J.-C. (tradition)

Brother of Moses, first High Priest (Kohen Gadol) of Israel. Ancestor of the priestly lineage of the Cohanim, he embodies the ideal of peace and reconciliation in the rabbinic tradition: "Love peace and pursue peace" (Pirkei Avot 1:12).

1535–1605 · Empire ottoman

person associated with Hebrew manuscripts

1501–1599

rabbi

1700–1774

writer

XVe s. (m. 1465) · Maroc (Fès)

Jewish notable of Fès, adviser then vizier of the Merinid sultan Abd al-Haqq II, killed during the 1465 revolt.

1670–1721

German rabbi

1328–1369 · Empire byzantin

theologian and rabbi

1695–1900

German biblical scholar

XVIIe siècle · Empire ottoman (Constantinople)

Ottoman Talmudist, author of the treatise Hen Yeshallah, in controversy with Moses Benveniste.

1250–1350 · couronne d'Aragon

14th-century Provençal rabbi and scholar

1550–1700 · Empire ottoman

Ottoman Talmudic author

XVIIe siècle (œuvre 1692) · Perse (Ispahan)

Judeo-Persian poet, author of Shoftim-nameh, versified paraphrase of the book of Judges.

Xe siècle · Terre d'Israël

Gaon of the Land of Israel, opposed to Saadia in the calendar controversy of 922.

v. 1630–1690 · Pologne

Rabbi and Talmudist (Prague, Worms, Cracow), author of a commentary on the Haggada.

v. 1620–1701 · Allemagne

Rabbi active in Frankfurt-an-der-Oder, author of the biblical concordance Beit Aharon.

1300–1328 · royaume de France

French Jewish martyr

1585–1639

religious writer

1918–1994

rabbi

1766–1844 · empire d'Autriche

Hungarian rabbi

XVIIe siècle · Empire ottoman (Salonique, Constantinople)

Talmudist and head of yeshiva in Constantinople, master of several Ottoman scholars.

1964–2018 · États-Unis

American chancellor

1101–1268 · Angleterre

Jewish financier and Chief Rabbi of England

1856–1922 · Russie et Terre d'Israël

Thinker of Labor Zionism, prophet of the "religion of labor" and the return to the land. Late in life, he settled as an agricultural worker in Galilee.

1000–1100

Karaite grammarian and Sage

1580–1656

rabbi of Ragusa

1889-1966 · États-Unis

Yiddish poet (A. Leyeles), cofounder and theorist of the In Zikh group.

1766–1828

XVIIIe s. · Italie

Rabbi and Italian liturgical poet, guide of the communities of Massa-Carrara.

XVIIe s. · Empire ottoman

Rabbi and author of Salonika, student of Hasdaï Perahia ha-Kohen.

1200–1290 · couronne d'Aragon

rabbi and legalist of the Rishonim era

1754-1835 · Allemagne

Writer and satirist of the Haskala, author of a play on false pietists.

1724–1800 · Canada

Canadian Jewish businessman

1670–1756

British rabbi

1863–1937 · Empire russe

rabbi and author

1545–1632 · Maroc (Fès)

Born in Fès, biblical and talmudic exegete, author of Korban Aharon (commentary on the Sifra).

943–960 · Babylonie

Gaon of Pumbedita, opponent of Saadia Gaon.

1890-1949 · URSS

Soviet Yiddish poet from the Kiev circles (Vidervuks).

1604–1674 · Empire ottoman

Ottoman rabbi

1736–1772

rabbi and founder of the Hasidic dynasty

1663–1725

Polish Jewish rabbi

1929–2018 · Israël

Moroccan rabbi

1600–1563

Italian Talmudist

1880–1957 · Galicie et Israël

Rebbe of Belz, one of the great Galician Hasidic figures, whose escape from Europe during the Shoah was the subject of a rescue operation. He rebuilt his court in Israel.

1943–2007 · États-Unis

American film producer

mi-XVIIe s. · Maroc

Rabbi, editor and merchant of Salé, of the Siboni family.

1614–1676

Lithuanian rabbi

1928–2023 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1594–1679

1844–1896 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1754–1836 · France

French rabbi

1898-1973 · Pologne

Yiddish and Hebrew playwright, poet and essayist, author of "Chelmer Chachomim".

280-338

Babylonian Talmudic master, head of the academy of Pumbedita. His debates with Rava (sugiot of Abaye and Rava) are the model of Talmudic dialectical reasoning. His biography as an orphan who became a great master illustrates the meritocratic ideal of Judaism.

175–247 · Babylonie

Founder of the academy of Sura; major figure of the 1st generation of Babylonian Amoraim.

200–300

2nd/3rd century Babylonian Jewish Talmudist

IIIe–IVe siècle · Terre d'Israël

Reputed Israeli aggadist; 3rd generation.

IIIe–IVe siècle · Terre d'Israël

Refined Israeli halakhist, contemporary of R. Ammi and R. Assi.

1919–2005 · Israël

American rabbi

Ier siècle av. J.-C. · Judée

Grandson of Honi, pious laborer whose prayers brought rain.

1893–1963 · États-Unis

American rabbi

Ier–IIe siècle · Judée

Tanna; halakhic traditions on the gates and rites of the Temple.

1918–1987 · Israël

Jewish writer and resistance fighter of Lithuanian origin

XIIIe–XIVe siècle · Provence

Rabbi of Lunel and Montpellier, instigator of the Maimonidean controversy.

IIIe–IVe siècle · Terre d'Israël

Sage of Acre (Akko) cited in the Talmud.

IIe siècle · Judée

Tanna; minority opinions preserved in the Mishna.

Ier siècle · Judée

Grocer of Jerusalem, model of honesty; criticized the high priests.

1848–1936

300–320

member of the third generation of Amoraim

1813–1889

Rosh yeshiva and posek of Iraqi Jewry

c. 840 av. J.-C.

Prophet and author of the shortest book of the Hebrew Bible, directed against Edom. His oracle on the fall of Edom and the triumph of the kingdom of God illustrates divine justice against the nations hostile to Israel.

fin du XIe siècle · Terre d'Israël

Gaon of the Land of Israel, author of the Meguilat Evyatar.

IVe siècle · Terre d'Israël

"Nahota" between Israel and Babylonia; aggadist (4th generation).

1827–1884 · Maroc (Fès)

Rabbi, kabbalist and historian of Fès, author of the chronicle Yahas Fas.

c. 2000-1800 av. J.-C. (tradition)

Founding patriarch of Abrahamic monotheism, father of the Jewish people. A native of Ur of the Chaldeans according to Genesis (11:31), he received the divine Covenant and the promise of the Land of Israel. A founding figure of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

1893–1946

1837–1912 · Empire russe

Russian rabbi

1240–1292 · Royaume d'Aragon

Jewish kabbalist and philosopher of Spanish origin

1240–v. 1291 · Aragon

Founder of ecstatic kabbalah, born in Saragossa, theorist of letter combinations.

v.1610–v.1683 · Empire ottoman (Jérusalem)

Sephardi rabbi settled in Jerusalem in 1655, author of commentaries on Jewish law.

1765-1858 · Syrie (Alep)

Chief Rabbi and supreme judge of Aleppo for more than 40 years, author of « Ohel Yesharim » and « Mor ve-Ohalot ».

1813–1880 · Empire ottoman

rabbi (1813–1880)

1884–1926 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

1701–1846

German rabbi

fin XVIIe s. · Maroc (Dad, près de Settat)

Emissary from the Holy Land called Mwalin Dad, saint healer; hiloula on Lag Ba'omer.

1570–1643 · Maroc

Moroccan rabbi and writer

v.1570–1643 · Maroc (Fès)

Kabbalist born in Fès, emigrated to Hebron, author of Hesed le-Abraham and a commentary on the Zohar.

1670–1729 · Empire ottoman

physician

1936–2022 · Israël

Major Israeli novelist and playwright, author of Mr. Mani and The Lover. Together with Oz and Grossman, he was one of the pillars of Israeli fiction.

1909–1966 · Pologne

Polish-British rabbi

1810-1899 · Empire russe

Poet, dramatist and memoirist of the Russian Haskala.

vers 1070–1145 · Espagne (Barcelone)

Mathematician, astronomer and philosopher from Barcelona, one of the first to write scientific treatises in Hebrew. His work on geometry influenced Latin Europe.

1070–1136

rabbi, mathematician, astronomer and philosopher

1906–2001 · États-Unis

American politician

1240–1296 · France

French poet

1914–2004 · Israël

rabbi

1511–1578

Italian rabbi and poet

1250–1315 · couronne d'Aragon

Catalan-Jewish physician

1120–1198 · France

Provençal rabbi and Talmud commentator (c.1125–1198)

1460–1529 · Empire ottoman

rabbi and kabbalist

v. 1460–apr. 1528 · Empire ottoman

Kabbalist and Sephardic messianic visionary, member of the old Yishuv of Jerusalem.

1750–1808 · Empire russe

Lithuanian rabbi

1764–1820 · royaume de Prusse

German rabbi

1553–1623

Italian philosopher

1110–1158 · France

French rabbi

1748–1820 · Allemagne

Ashkenazi Polish rabbi

1440–1525 · république de Venise

Italian rabbi

v. 1570–1643 · Palestine ottomane

Kabbalist and commentator, author of Hesed le-Avraham, settled in Hebron.

1451–1525

Hebrew scholar and geographer

XVIe s. · Empire ottoman

Italian kabbalist linked to Safed, commentator on the Zohar and the Lamentations.

1155–1215

12th/13th-century Provençal rabbi and scholar

c. 1155–1215 · Provence

Originating from Lunel, author of the Sefer ha-Manhig on liturgical customs.

1640–1717 · royaume de Bohême

Polish Orthodox rabbi

1770–1850 · Allemagne

German rabbi

1833–1915 · royaume de Prusse

German Jewish theologian and historian

1420–1489 · Espagne

Spanish-Jewish philosopher of religion

1752–1841 · Ville libre de Francfort

rabbin allemand

1859–1914 · France

French rabbi

1701–1701 · Provinces-Unies

Composer, active in Amsterdam from 1718 to 1738

1849–1917

Russian rabbi

1887–1957 · Royaume-Uni

English scholar (1887–1957)

1570–1635 · royaume de Portugal

Jewish philosopher (1570–1635)

mort 1697 · Pays-Bas

Rabbi of Amsterdam, student of Morteira, author of the Minhat Kohen.

né 1648 · Empire ottoman

Rabbi and kabbalist of Hebron in the 17th c.

1717–1806 · Maroc (Tétouan/Mogador)

Dayan of Tétouan and Mogador, kabbalist, died in Livorno.

1325–1387 · couronne d'Aragon

cartographer from Palma, Majorca

1882–1965 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1857–1925 · Empire ottoman

French rabbi (1857-1925)

1771–1840

Ukrainian rabbi

1440–1523 · république de Venise

Italian physician and translator

v.1560–v.1605 · Empire ottoman (Salonique)

Renowned Talmudist for his Lehem Mishneh, a commentary on Maimonides' code.

m. 1560 · Égypte (Le Caire)

Master of the Mint of Cairo under Selim I, figure in the Purim of Cairo (1524).

1825–1882 · Canada

Canadian rabbi

1878–1943 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

Dutch Rabbi

1902–1992 · France

Chief rabbi, editor and secondary school teacher from Mulhouse

v.1560–v.1605 · Empire ottoman

Talmudist of Salonika, student of Samuel de Medina, head of yeshiva.

1760–1840 · Empire ottoman

1794-1878 · Lituanie

Poet and educator of Vilna (Adam ha-Kohen), author of Shirei Sefat Kodesh.

1807–1891

1841–1918 · Empire russe

Russo-Austrian scholar

1908–1962 · France

1940–2026 · États-Unis

American jurist

XVIe s. · Algérie (Alger)

Scholar and physician of Algiers, author of the anthology Omer ha-Shikha (Livorno, 1748).

1753–1827 · Royaume de Danemark

chief rabbi of Denmark (1753-1827)

1810–1874 · Allemagne

German rabbi and scholar, the principal theorist of Reform Judaism and its historical-critical approach. Cofounder of the science of Judaism.

v. 1701–1761 · Galicie

Brother-in-law of the Baal Shem Tov, kabbalist who emigrated to the Holy Land in 1747.

vers 1635–1682 · Pologne

Polish halakhic authority, author of the Magen Avraham, the reference commentary on the Orach Chayyim section of the Shulchan Aruch. He was active in Kalisz.

1930–2001 · Israël

2001 murder in Zürich, Switzerland

m. 1880 · Tunisie (Tunis)

Chief Rabbi of Tunis (1873–1880), author of Zaro shel Abraham.

1801–1874 · Libye (Tripoli)

Hakham and av beit din of Tripoli; author of the Vayikra Avraham (responsa) and HaShomer Emet.

1922–2013 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1812–1868

Russian rabbi

1816–1889 · Autriche-Hongrie

Hungarian rabbi

1540–1615

16th-century rabbi

v. 1110–1180 · Castille

Historian and philosopher in Toledo, author of Sefer haQabbalah, first Jewish Aristotelian.

1110–1180 · Almoravides

12th century Spanish astronomer, historian and philosopher

1089-1167

Poet, grammarian, exegete, and astronomer of the Spanish Golden Age. His biblical commentaries, of pioneering philological rigor, foreshadow modern biblical criticism. A tireless traveler, he transmitted Judeo-Spanish culture throughout Europe.

XVIe s. · Maroc (Safi)

Rabbi, poet and Spanish calligrapher exiled to Safi after 1492; his tomb is the object of pilgrimage.

1865–1935 · Terre d'Israël

First Ashkenazi chief rabbi of Mandatory Palestine, mystical thinker of religious Zionism. He sought to reconcile tradition, modernity, and national renewal.

1840-1919 · Empire russe

Educator and critic of the Russian Haskala, theorist of Hebrew poetry.

1884–1941 · Roumanie

rabbi (1884-1941)

1800–1862 · Allemagne

American rabbi

1907–1972 · États-Unis

rabbi and philosopher

1888–1967

Second Kopishnitzer Rebbe

1824–1883

Hungarian rabbi

1741–1810

rabbi

1741–1819 · Libye (Tripoli)

Community leader, historian and liturgical poet of Tripoli; author of Hayyei Avraham.

1358–1401

Crimean rabbi

1915–2007 · États-Unis

American chaplain (1915-2007)

1807–1848

Czech rabbi

1838–1900 · royaume de Prusse

Alsatian physician and professor of otology at the University of Strasbourg (1838–1900)

1401–1501 · Espagne

Spanish rabbi

1866–1941

German rabbi

1788–1848

Russian rabbi

1847–1933 · Autriche-Hongrie

Hasidic rabbi from Romania

1889–1961 · Allemagne

German rabbi

1627–1706 · Espagne

Spanish physician

1866–1948 · Pologne et Israël

Rebbe of Gur, head of one of the largest Hasidic courts in Poland, co-founder of the Agudat Israel party. He narrowly escaped the Shoah.

1753–1822

German rabbi

1812–1854 · empire d'Autriche

Czech rabbi

1200–1264

Jewish martyr

1250–1315

French rabbi

1809–1899 · Empire ottoman (Izmir/Smyrne)

Chief rabbi of Smyrna for thirty years, author of some twenty works on Jewish law.

1825–1893

British Orthodox rabbi (1825–1893)

1601–1699

Portuguese businessman

1843–1930 · Deuxième République de Pologne

1949–2020 · Royaume-Uni

British rabbi

1799–1884

Moravian rabbi

1542–1612

Italian encyclopedist (1542–1612)

1722–1804 · Lituanie

Kabbalist and preacher, brother of the Gaon of Vilna, author of Maalot HaTorah.

1584–1651 · Pologne

Talmudist of Lemberg, president of the Council of Four Countries, author of Eitan ha-Ezrachi.

1896-1981 · États-Unis

Poet, author for youth and translator, innovative Hebrew style.

1867–1942 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1763–1834 · Suisse

Swiss rabbi

v.1665–1744 · Empire ottoman (Constantinople)

Posek, disciple of Judah Rosanes, chief rabbi of Constantinople from 1720.

v.1650–1713 · Italie

Rabbi and kabbalist of Modena, editor of mystical manuscripts.

1440–1508 · Espagne

Spanish rabbi

1838–1917

1902–1945 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

1862–1934 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

Chief Rabbi (1862–1934)

1570–1615

German rabbi

1815–1871 · Hongrie

Hungarian rabbi

1897–1982

1875–1942 · Reich allemand

German rabbi

1412–1496 · Espagne

Sephardi rabbi, banker and politician, who converted to Catholicism

1926–2010 · Maroc

Moroccan political activist

XVIIIe s.–1784 · Tunisie

Rabbinical author born in Tunis, established in Jerusalem, died in Amsterdam.

1838-1902 · Empire russe

Writer and editor (Ha-Melitz, Ha-Tsefira), activist of the early Hibbat Zion.

1401–1492 · couronne d'Aragon

philosopher, physician and translator

1762–1842 · république des Deux Nations

Polish inventor

m. 1741 · Tunisie (Tunis)

Chief Rabbi of Tunisia called Baba Sidi; signatory of the taqqana Twânsa-Granas (1741).

1844–1923 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

rabbi of a Hebrew congregation (1844-1923)

1930–2021 · États-Unis

American rabbi and psychiatrist

1847–1925 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

Dutch rabbi (1847–1925)

1755–1832 · France

French rabbi

1844–1891 · Allemagne

German rabbi

1804–1883 · Empire russe

Slonimer Rebbi

1896–1970 · Israël

Academic and traditional Talmudic scholar (1895–1970)

1801–1891 · Empire allemand

Chief Rabbi of Denmark (1801-1891)

1553–1623 · Italie

Physician, philosopher and kabbalist, author of a Jewish catechism of the Renaissance.

1748–1825

rabbin hassidique (1748–1825)

1877–1957 · Israël

Rabbi and pacifist (1877–1957)

fin XVIe s. · Empire ottoman

Talmudist and dayan of Salonique, author of Ahot Ketannah.

1450–1515 · couronne de Castille

Portuguese astronomer

1722–1804

Kabbalist and author

1851–1920 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1544–1599 · duché de Mantoue

Italian-Jewish polymath (1544–1599)

1101–1184 · Califat fatimide

médecin de cour égyptien

680–756

Scholar

1759–1826

Hasidic rabbi (1759-1826)

An 1 du calendrier hébraïque (c. 3760 av. J.-C., légendaire) · Mésopotamie / Éden (légendaire)

The first man according to Genesis 1-5, created on the sixth day in the image of God and placed in Eden. Jewish tradition dates his creation to year 1 of the Hebrew calendar (c. 3760 BCE) — strikingly close to the rise of Mesopotamian proto-cities. He named the animals, transgressed, mourned Abel, and lived 930 years.

c. 3700 av. J.-C. (légendaire) · Mésopotamie (Eridu)

First of the seven legendary sages (apkallū) of Eridu in Sumerian tradition. A priest of Enki, he was summoned to heaven by Anu after offending the south wind, and missed immortality by refusing food and drink — a primordial figure often compared to Adam of Genesis.

300–400

Two Jewish rabbis and Talmudic scholars

1980- · Israël

Israeli poet, founder of the Ars Poetica movement.

1937-2020

Israeli rabbi, scholar, and educator who produced the first complete translation of the Babylonian Talmud into modern Hebrew (and into English, French, and Russian). His monumental work, completed in 2010 after 45 years of labor, made the Talmud accessible to millions of non-specialist readers.

1957- · Israël

Israeli poet and professor of Talmud, faith and creation.

Ier siècle · Judée

Civil judge of Jerusalem cited in Mishna Ketubot for his rulings.

1879–1944 · Autriche

holocaust victim (1879–1944)

1863–1942 · Deuxième République de Pologne

Polish Jew, physician of and professor of physiology at the University of Lemberg (1863–1942)

1846–1908 · Autriche-Hongrie

1867–1939 · Hongrie

Hungarian theologian, rabbi and historian

1837–1913

1801–1889 · empire d'Autriche

Austrian entrepreneur (1801–1889)

1821–1893 · empire d'Autriche

Czech rabbi

1879–1958 · États-Unis

German rabbi and historian (1879–1958)

1850–1928 · Autriche-Hongrie

American lawyer

1846–1919 · Autriche-Hongrie

rabbin autrichien

1843–1910

German rabbi

1769–1838 · Allemagne

German publisher

1850–1918

German rabbi

1837–1913

German rabbi

1833–1897 · Cisleithanie

1845–1899 · empire d'Autriche

Hungarian journalist, editorial advisor

1806–1867 · empire d'Autriche

Austrian writer and revolutionary

1914–2010 · Argentine

Argentine politician

1821–1913

1830–1884 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1796–1880 · France

French lawyer and politician, Minister of Justice, president of the Alliance Israélite Universelle. The Crémieux Decree of 1870 granted French citizenship to the Jews of Algeria.

1849–1915 · Empire allemand

German political figure

1947- · Israël

Israeli poet, nature, eroticism and memory of the Shoah.

27–100 · Rome antique

king of Chalcis

c. 3100 av. J.-C.

Second pharaoh of the First Dynasty, probable son of Narmer. He consolidated the unification of Egypt and founded the city of Memphis. The inscriptions of his reign are among the earliest documents of Egyptian history.

IIIe–IVe siècle · Babylonie

Renowned Babylonian sage, contemporary of Abaye; dialectician.

IVe–Ve siècle · Babylonie

Babylonian sage, contemporary of Rav Ashi; 6th generation.

c. 680–752 · Babylonie

Author of the Sheiltot, the first halakhic collection of the Geonim period

1856–1927 · Ukraine et Terre d'Israël

Ukrainian thinker, the principal theorist of "cultural Zionism" advocating a spiritual renewal of Judaism. Born Asher Ginsberg, he opposed purely political Zionism.

1932–2018 · Bucovine et Israël

Israeli writer and Holocaust survivor, whose work in Hebrew explores memory and lost childhood. Author of Badenheim 1939 and The Story of a Life.

1000–960

Jewish scribe

1863–1936 · Palestine mandataire

Rabbi, son-in-law of Chofetz Chaim (1863–1936)

1627–1697

1627-1697; Rabbiner in Saloniki

1932– · États-Unis

Rosh yeshiva of Ner Israel (Baltimore) since 2001; member of the Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah.

1515–1632

biblical scholar

1866–1950 · Israël

Jewish intellectual and translator (1866–1950)

1891–1962 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1914–2017 · Israël

Israeli rabbi

1920-2016 · Israël

Israeli novelist and playwright, 1948 generation.

1866–1927 · Égypte (Le Caire)

Rabbi of the Ashkenazi community of Cairo from 1896, member of the rabbinical court.

1802–1872

rabbi (6 juin 1802 – 23 juin 1872)

mort 1766 · Tunisie

Rabbi and Tunisian author, member of the Djerba community.

1949–1993 · Afrique du Sud

South African rabbi

1886-1971 · Empire russe

Novelist of the Second Aliyah, brother of president Yitzhak Ben-Zvi.

1880–1957

Ukrainian rabbi

1894–1947 · Autriche-Hongrie

rabbi

1939- · Israël

Israeli poet and translator of classical Greek, political verse.

1940–2024 · Israël

Israeli philosopher

1869–1931 · Pologne

European Rabbi (1869-1931)

c. 1550-1525 av. J.-C.

Pharaoh who founded the New Kingdom of Egypt, who drove the Hyksos out of Egypt. Some scholars see in the expulsion of the Hyksos a historical echo of the Exodus narrative, the Hyksos being sometimes identified with the Hebrews.

c. 550

Collective figure of the Savoraim, the last editors of the Babylonian Talmud after the close of the Amoraic era. They added the late explanations and discussions that gave the Talmud its finished form, ensuring the transition to the era of the Geonim.

1951–2018 · Belgique

Modern-Orthodox rabbi and writer

1892–1960

Lithuanian rabbi

1917–2001 · États-Unis

Rosh yeshiva (Brisk Chicago) and Talmudic master at Yeshiva University, brother of Joseph B. Soloveitchik.

1868–1949 · France

French writer and journalist

Ier siècle · Judée

Uncompromising Tanna regarding his traditions; aphorisms in Pirké Avot.

c. 1353-1336 av. J.-C.

Revolutionary pharaoh who imposed the exclusive cult of Aten, the solar disk. His "monotheistic revolution" has prompted countless debates about its possible links with Mosaic monotheism. Freud likened him to Moses.

1720–1758

rabbi (1720/21–1758)

1908–1983 · Hongrie

1778–1835 · Allemagne

(1778-1835)

1923–2012

American-Israeli rabbi

1761–1837 · Prusse (Posen)

Talmudic genius, chief rabbi of Posen, renowned for his penetrating glosses on the Talmud and the Shulchan Aruch. Father-in-law of the Chatam Sofer.

1450–1496

Jewish scholar

1878–1959 · Israël

Israeli rabbi

1837–1922

Hungarian rabbi (1837–1922)

1931–2022 · France

French rabbi

1941–2022 · France

French political figure

1943–2011 · États-Unis

American musician

1961–2021 · États-Unis

Franco-Israeli-American Moroccan fashion designer

1857–1918 · Hambourg

German businessman

1885–1972 · Tunisie

Tunisian politician

1879-1955

Theoretical physicist, author of the theory of relativity, Nobel laureate 1921. A German Jew exiled to the United States, he supported Zionism and was considered for the presidency of Israel (1952), which he declined. His scientific genius and ethical commitment embody the Jewish intellectual tradition.

1927–2004 · États-Unis

German rabbi

1920–2001 · États-Unis

American actor and composer

1889–1996 · Turquie

Turkish-born rabbi, businessman, lawyer and social activist

1869–1942 · États-Unis

American architect

1892–1958 · Roumanie

Hungarian painter

1816–1908 · Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande

Moravian Hebrew scholar (1816-1908)

1906–1993 · Pologne et États-Unis

American physician and virologist of Polish origin, creator of the oral vaccine against poliomyelitis. His vaccine enabled the eradication of the disease in many countries.

1870–1942 · Reich allemand

German merchant (1870–1942)

1841–1894 · royaume d'Italie

Italian economist

1963–2015 · Argentine

Argentine jurist

1933–2020 · Italie

Italian writer

1940–2008 · États-Unis

American art dealer and racehorse owner

1819–1906 · Lituanie

Lithuanian rabbi

1730–1793 · république des Deux Nations

historical figure

1879–1944 · royaume d'Italie

Italian archaeologist (1879–1944)

1854–1929 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

Dutch physician and feminist

1888–1948 · États-Unis

Jewish journalist and writer

1906–1987 · Autriche

Austrian scholar and rabbi

1912–1995 · Empire russe

Belarusian military figure

1911–1943 · États-Unis

American army chaplain killed in action (1911-1943)

1899–1943 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

Dutch accountant and translator (1899–1943)

1848–1917 · Autriche-Hongrie

(1848-1917)

1842–1894 · Hongrie

United States rabbi and orientalist (1842–1894)

1819–1906 · Lituanie

Rabbi and Av Beth Din, disciple of Israel Salanter, author of Divrei Emes, close to Hibbat Zion.

1839–1911 · Royaume du Wurtemberg

German banker and patron (1839-1911)

1925–2000 · États-Unis

Rabbi and leading figure of American Reform Judaism during the 1970s and 1980s

1290–1349

German rabbi

1816–1869 · Allemagne

German rabbi (1816-1869)

1871–1942 · Autriche-Hongrie

Austrian composer

1886–1938 · Palestine mandataire

politician (1886–1938)

m. 1794 · Lituanie

Kabbalist of Grodno, author of Yessod ve-Choresh ha-Avoda, guide to Jewish prayer.

1897–1943 · Pologne

Polish rabbi

1901–2001 · Autriche

Neurologist, pioneer in the study of post-traumatic stress; daughter of Alfred Adler.

356-323 av. J.-C.

King of Macedonia, conqueror of the Persian Empire. According to the Talmud (Yoma 69a), he met the High Priest Simon the Just at the gates of Jerusalem and bowed before him. The hellenization he initiated would profoundly transform Judaism.

1910–2006 · Roumanie

Romanian-Swiss rabbi

1885–1950 · Union soviétique

Russian theatre director (1885–1950)

1897–1986 · Pologne

composer and pianist

IIIe siècle · Terre d'Israël

Israeli aggadist, preacher; his prayers are cited.

1947–2015 · Brésil

Brazilian chess player

1270–1347 · Espagne

Aristotelian Jewish philosopher

1474–1531 · Espagne

Spanish rabbi

1870–1937 · Autriche

Austrian psychiatrist and psychotherapist

1871–1940 · Pologne

ophtalmologue allemand (1871–1940)

1842–1918 · Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande

British banker and art collector (1842–1918)

1859–1935 · France

French general of Alsatian origin and Jewish faith

1825–1889 · Royaume-Uni

biblical scholar

1930–2009 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1862–1942 · États-Unis

American-German classical philologist (1862–1942)

1863–1922 · Reich allemand

German physician and painter (1863-1922), pioneer of laryngoscopy

1883–1941 · Reich allemand

German Jewish entrepreneur and art collector refugee from Nazis (1883-1941)

1840–1919 · France

French rabbi

1873–1935 · Allemagne

German mathematician

1853–1909 · grand-duché de Hesse

German architect

1915–1983 · France

French swimmer and water polo player

1900–1970 · États-Unis

film music composer, conductor and pianist

1915–2004 · Allemagne

German rabbi (1915-2004)

1834–1895 · France

French architect

1856–1941 · Portugal

Portuguese mineralogist (1856–1941)

1916–1978 · France

Algerian singer

1869–1944 · Autriche

Austrian writer (1869–1944)

1882–1965 · république de Weimar

German activist

1874–1956 · Autriche

Austrian writer and photojournalist

1916–2007 · Israël

Israeli journalist and author

1903–2014 · Israël

German-speaking Prague pianist and music teacher

1922–2008 · Pologne

Physician and resistance fighter of the Warsaw Ghetto; co-founder of Doctors of the World.

1965–2025 · Israël

Israeli actor

1966- · Israël

Israeli novelist and actress born in Ukraine.

1384–1456 · couronne de Castille

Catholic bishop

1827–1905 · France

banker and art collector

1843–1918 · France

French painter

1906–1994 · Israël

hasidic author (1906–1994)

1885–1941 · Pologne

Polish photographer and writer (1885-1941)

1874–1932

Second Novominsker Rebbe (1874–1932)

1926-2019 · Israël

Israeli novelist, lyrical modernist prose.

c. 2046-2038 av. J.-C.

King of the Third Dynasty of Ur, son of Shulgi. Under his reign, the Sumerian bureaucracy reached an unrivaled degree of sophistication, with thousands of administrative tablets documenting every aspect of the state economy.

1884–1920 · Italie et France

Italian painter and sculptor of the School of Paris, famous for his portraits with elongated faces. He came from a Sephardic Jewish family of Livorno.

m. c. 422

Babylonian talmudic master and judge at Nehardea. With Mar Zutra and Rav Ashi, he formed the triumvirate that presided over the final compilation of the Babylonian Talmud. His rulings on the shofar and the festivals remain normative.

c. 1391-1353 av. J.-C.

Pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty, his reign represents the height of the luxury and diplomacy of the New Kingdom. The Amarna Letters, an international diplomatic correspondence found at his capital, illuminate the political world in which biblical history unfolds.

1956- · Israël

Israeli poet, novelist and essayist, translated into 50 languages.

1943-2023 · Israël

Israeli poetess of Iraqi origin, double Prime Minister Prize.

IIIe–IVe siècle · Terre d'Israël

Head of Tiberias after R. Yohanan, with R. Assi (3rd generation).

1929-2022 · Israël

Israeli writer born in Aleppo, Sephardic prose.

c. 760 av. J.-C.

Prophet of social justice, shepherd of Tekoa become the first writing prophet. His denunciations of injustice and the exploitation of the poor ("Let justice roll down like water," Amos 5:24) ground the prophetic tradition of social justice in Judaism.

1927-2009 · Israël

Israeli chronicler and satirist, visual artist and novelist.

1939–2018 · Israël

World-renowned Israeli novelist and essayist, author of A Tale of Love and Darkness. He was a moral figure of the peace camp.

1892–1966 · Israël

Chief Rabbi of Petah Tikva (1892-1966)

1743–1782 · Maroc

Moroccan rabbi (1743-1782)

810–875

rabbi

1894–1974 · Israël

rabbi, leader of the anti-Zionist Orthodox Jewish group "Neturei Karta"

1834–1907 · Hongrie

Hungarian rabbi

XVIIIe s. · Maroc (Sefrou)

Rabbi-judge and codifier of the Elbaz family of Sefrou.

m. c. 875

Gaon of Sura, author of the Seder Rav Amram, the first complete liturgical compilation (siddur) in Jewish history. Composed in response to a question from the Jews of Spain, this foundational text structured Jewish prayer as it is practiced to this day.

1871–1952 · Empire ottoman

last chief-rabbi of Yemen's Jewish community (1871-1952)

1926–2012 · Israël

rabbi

1969–2015 · Uruguay

Uruguayan journalist and writer (1969-2015)

IIIe siècle · Babylonie

Disciple of Samuel of Nehardea, 2nd Babylonian generation.

c. 715-795

Founder of the Karaite movement, which rejected the oral law (Talmud) and recognized only the written Bible. Karaism, the principal dissent within rabbinic Judaism, stimulated in reaction a deepening of exegesis and Hebrew grammar.

IIIe–IVe siècle · Terre d'Israël

Israeli sage occasionally cited in the Talmud.

50–50

1st century AD High Priest of Israel

1953-2012 · Israël

Israeli playwright and screenwriter, humanist comedies.

1884–1953 · Hongrie

Hungarian writer

1891–1953 · Hongrie

Hungarian writer, poet and critic

1894–1985 · États-Unis

Hungarian photographer

1885–1967 · France

French writer

1914–1988 · France

French philosopher

1928–2006 · France

French writer, author of The Last of the Just, Prix Goncourt 1959, an epic on the persecutions of the Jews through the centuries. Orphaned of deported parents.

1945–1972 · Israël

Israeli fencer

1936–2019 · États-Unis

American R&B and punk blues musician (1936–2019)

1916–2009 · France

French rabbi

1931–2002 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

criminologist, novelist under the pseudonym Andreas Burnier

1973–2021 · Uruguay

Uruguayan politician

1969–2012 · États-Unis

American writer and publisher (1969–2012)

1909–1968 · Royaume-Uni

British colonial administrator (1909-1968)

1945–2014 · Chili

Chilean rabbi

1921–2018 · Italie

Italian novelist and screenwriter

1934–2020 · Royaume-Uni

English tennis player

1890–1991 · États-Unis

1922–2021 · Pologne

Brazilian historian, specialized in the Portuguese Inquisition

1898–1993 · Pologne

Cancer researcher; created a lineage of mice resistant to tumors.

1887-1952 · États-Unis

Modernist Yiddish poetess, associated with Di Yunge and the introspectivists.

1895–1983 · Autriche

New Zealand garden and landscape designer

1919–2021 · États-Unis

Belgian producer and philanthropist (1919-2021)

1929–1945 · Allemagne et Pays-Bas

German Jewish teenager whose diary, kept in hiding in Amsterdam, became a universal testimony of the Shoah. She died in the Bergen-Belsen camp.

1929–2015 · États-Unis

American actress

1820–1888

German Orthodox rabbi

1803–1874 · empire d'Autriche

Austrian banker and philanthropist

1871-1942 · Galicie

Yiddish playwright, lyricist and theatre director, author of more than fifty plays.

1889–1945 · Hongrie

conductor, composer (1889-1945)

1927–2013 · États-Unis

American journalist

c. 250 av. J.-C.

Sage of the Great Assembly, disciple of Simon the Just. His teaching "Be not like servants who serve the master for the sake of a reward" (Avot 1:3) lays the foundation of selfless ethics in Judaism.

IIIe siècle av. J.-C. · Judée

Member of the Great Assembly; 'serve without expecting reward'.

1966–2017 · Russie

Russian journalist

1883–1943 · États-Unis

American journalist

1874–1951 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

Dutch Jewish industrialist and art collector (1874–1951)

1896–1967 · Autriche

Austrian actor

1904–1976 · Italie

Italian historian and economist (1904-1976)

1614–1685

Dutch banker (1614 - 1685)

100–200

Greek translator of the Hebrew Bible

IIe siècle · Judée

Proselyte; literal Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible.

1893–1944 · Hongrie

(1893–1944) physician, psychoanalist, Holocaust victim

1938–2024 · États-Unis

American businessman

1930–2022 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

Dutch economist and politician

1901–1983 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

Dutch psychiatrist and politician (1901–1983)

1951–2021 · Israël

Israeli politician

1928–2014 · Israël

Israeli military leader and statesman

384-322 av. J.-C.

Greek philosopher whose thought permeated medieval Jewish philosophy. Maimonides, Gersonides, and Ibn Gabirol sought to reconcile his metaphysics with biblical revelation. The Guide for the Perplexed is a dialogue between Jewish faith and Aristotelian reason.

1930–2012 · États-Unis

United States senator for Pennsylvania from 1981 to 2011

1911–1946

Slovak rabbi

1870–1941 · Hongrie

Hungarian rabbi (1870–1941)

1807–1890 · France

French rabbi, Chief Rabbi of Strasbourg for nearly sixty years

1930–2013 · États-Unis

American lawyer

1877–1935

American rabbi

1869–1940 · royaume de Hongrie

1874–1951 · Autriche et États-Unis

Austrian composer, inventor of dodecaphony, which revolutionized twentieth-century music. He returned to Judaism in the face of rising Nazism and emigrated to the United States.

1927–2010 · États-Unis

American economist

1885–1943

Czech educator and translator

1914–1976

Jewish scholar

1747–1824 · royaume de Bavière

German-Jewish banker

1812–1891 · Hongrie

Hungarian rabbi

1865–1938

1879–1941 · Deuxième République de Pologne

Polish rabbi, local government official, social activist

1810–1882 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

Dutch rabbi

1907–1994 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

1871–1937 · Reich allemand

German rabbi

1918–1944 · France

Resistance fighter, French rabbi

1890–1962 · Allemagne

German-Israeli rabbi and librarian

1878–1967 · Israël

Philosopher, philologist

1921–2006 · États-Unis

American rabbi and historian (1921–2006)

1913–1996 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1915–2005 · États-Unis

American writer

1864–1912 · Allemagne

German entrepreneur and poet (1864-1912)

1887–1982 · Pologne et États-Unis

Polish-born American pianist, one of the greatest interpreters of Chopin in the twentieth century. His career spanned more than seventy years.

1871–1933 · États-Unis

American politician

1933–2025 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1880–1959

French rabbi

1917–2006

British rabbi

1931–2016 · Israël

Rosh yeshiva, Mir Brachfeld

1768–1833

Polish rabbi

1934–1983 · États-Unis

American rabbi, translator and physicist

1725–1811

Hasidic leader, known as Shpoler Zeide (Grandfather of Shpola)

1912–2011

Rabbi (1912-2011)

1695–1785 · France

The "Shaagas Aryeh", talmudist, rav in Metz; author of the eponymous collection of responsa.

v. 1690–1755 · Pologne

Polish rabbi from a great lineage, who became Chief Rabbi of Amsterdam in 1740.

1708–1788 · Pologne

First and only Chief Rabbi of Galicia, based in Brody.

1708–1775 · Lituanie

Rabbi born in Grodno, kabbalist known as the Baal ha-Pardes, correspondent of the Gaon of Vilna.

1845–1916

rabbi

1745–1812 · Galicie

Galician decisor, author of the Ketsot ha-Hochen, a major work of analysis of Jewish civil law. His work is a classic of Talmudic study.

1788-1837 · Galicie

Poet of the Galician Haskala, author of the collection Shirim Shonim.

1906–1962 · États-Unis

Founder of Beth Hatalmud (Brooklyn); eminent disciple of the Mir and of Mussar.

1845–1928

Russian rabbi

1820–1886

Polish rabbi

1885–1969 · Israël

Israeli rabbi

1885–1955 · Israël

Rabbi

1929-2015 · Israël

Hebrew poet, cofounder of the Likrat group, Israel Prize 2010.

1944–2026 · Israël

rabbi

1884–1943

Polish rosh yeshiva and posek

1754–1837

German rabbi

352–427 · Empire sassanide

amoraim, master of the School of Sura in Babylonia (4th century)

vers 1590–1670 · Kurdistan (Mossoul)

Kurdish-Jewish scholar, regarded as the first woman rabbi in history, head of a yeshiva in Mosul. She left writings in rabbinic Hebrew.

1882–1944

1957– · Israël

Maggid shiur of the Mir (Jerusalem); one of the greatest Talmud classes in the world.

1889-1952 · Galicie

Short-story writer and editor, founder of the bio-bibliographic institute Genazim.

1250–1327

Rabbi and Talmudist

1895–1964

Bulgarian historian and rabbi

1968- · Israël

Israeli novelist and essayist, kibbutz prose.

1927–1969 · Allemagne

poet (1927-1969)

1370–1448 · principauté de Catalogne

Spanish rabbi

1400–1500 · couronne d'Aragon

Spanish physician

1828–1886 · Autriche-Hongrie

American newspaper dealer (1828-1886)

1827–1900 · empire d'Autriche

Austrian writer

1793–1843 · France

French singer and songwriter

300–400

Israeli rabbi

1951–2018 · Israël

Israeli general

XIIIe siècle · Autriche

Austrian talmudist, one of the first tosafists of Vienna.

1890-1970 · Hongrie

Hungarian-Israeli writer, first poet laureate of the city of Tel-Aviv.

1350–1439

Czech rabbi

1150–1275 · Allemagne

Professor of Medieval Talmud (Vienna)

1908–2001 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1830–1898 · empire d'Autriche

1916–1987 · Allemagne

Israeli police officer (1916-1987)

1850–1930

American Rabbi

1917–1990 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1637–1682 · république des Deux Nations

rabbin polonais

1900–1994

Canadian rabbi

1866-1940 · Yémen

Yemenite Rabbi, member of the Yemenite Rabbinical court established in Jerusalem in 1908.

1917–2001 · Israël

1809–1899 · Empire ottoman

Grand rabbi and author of Ottoman Smyrna (now Izmir)

1806–1889 · Pologne

Ukrainian rabbi

1890–1954 · Israël

Israeli rabbi

1911–2004 · France

French rabbi

1814–1890

French rabbi

1889–1953 · Israël

Israeli politician

1870–1943 · Lituanie

Last Chief Rabbi of Kovno, author of the responsa Devar Avraham; died in the Kovno ghetto.

1853–1917 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1936–2012 · Israël

Israeli rabbi and rosh yeshiva

v. 1635–1682 · Pologne

Polish Talmudist, author of the Magen Avraham, major commentary on the Shulchan Aruch.

1883–1944

Lithuanian rabbi

1180–1240 · couronne d'Aragon

late 13th century translator from Arabic to Hebrew in Barcelona

1735–1819

community leader

1739–1777

18th-century Hasidic Rabbi

1895–1991 · Israël

1891–1973 · Israël

Israeli politician

1820-1920 · Irak (Bagdad)

Chief Rabbi of Baghdad on several occasions, student of Abdallah Somekh.

1891–1964 · États-Unis

Belarusian-American Haredi rabbi

1784–1875

19th C. rabbi in Ciechanow

1186–1237 · Égypte

Egyptian rabbi

1866–1948

rabbi

1894–1943

1800–1828

1934–2009 · Israël

Israeli politician

1910–2007 · Israël

Israeli rabbi

1886–1943

1783–1855 · Empire ottoman

Talmudic judge

1913–2001 · États-Unis

Rosh yeshiva of Torah Vodaath for more than 60 years, member of the Council of the Sages of the Torah.

1595–1663 · république des Deux Nations

born 1595; died 1663

1917–1997 · Israël

1878–1953 · Israël

The Hazon Ish, supreme halakhic authority of haredi Judaism in Bnei Brak.

1878–1953 · Israël (Bné Brak)

Halakhic authority of Bnei Brak, a major figure in the reconstruction of Orthodox Judaism in the Land of Israel. His work Chazon Ish covers the entire field of Halakha.

1843–1892

Polish rabbi

1891–1941 · Lituanie

Last rosh yeshiva of Telshe in Lithuania, murdered during the Shoah.

1840–1904

1887–1970 · Pologne

Rosh yeshiva, director of the Novardok network (Beis Yosef), son-in-law of the Alter of Novardok; emigrated to the USA.

1894–1990 · Israël

Israeli rabbi

1915–2013 · Israël

Israeli educator

1887–1958 · Israël

Israeli politician

1912–1973 · Israël

Israeli politician

1923–1993 · États-Unis

American writer (1923–1993)

1872–1918 · Roumanie

Romanian writer

1944–2007

American rabbi

1838–1910

Polish rabbi

1796–1824

Hungarian rabbi

1889–1924 · Lituanie

Lithuanian rabbi

1877–1942

Belarusian rabbi

1884–1961 · Israël

Third Sadigura Rebbe (1884-1961)

1928–2013 · Israël

Fifth Sadigura Rebbe (1928–2013)

1949– · Israël

Rosh yeshiva of the yeshiva of Brisk in Jerusalem, grandson of the Brisker Rav.

1878–1953 · Israël

Israeli rabbi

1888-1982 · Lituanie

Yiddishist pedagogue and essayist, theorist of « integral Jewishness ».

1926-1990 · Israël

Israeli poet and author for youth, landscape architect.

1511–1578

Italian rabbi and physician, advocate of the critical approach to ancient texts

1579–1647 · république de Venise

Italian rabbi

v.1511–1578 · Italie

Scholar and physician, author of Me'or Enayim, pioneer of Jewish historical criticism.

1160–1238 · Espagne

Spanish rabbi

v. 1160–1238 · Aragon

Kabbalist of Gérone, disciple of Isaac the Blind, theorist of Eïn Sof.

1820–1899 · royaume de Prusse

German rabbi

1907–1978 · Israël

Israeli writer

1905–1941 · Lituanie

Lithuanian rabbi

1708–1782 · Royaume-Uni

German rabbi

1698–1760 · république des Deux Nations

founder of Hasidic Judaism

1698-1760

Founder of Hasidism in Podolia (Ukraine). His revolutionary teaching emphasized joy, fervent prayer, and the divine presence in all things, making spirituality accessible to the Jewish masses. Hasidism became the most important movement of renewal in modern Judaism.

Ier siècle av. J.-C. · Judée

Disciple of Shammai; advised Herod to restore the Temple.

XVIIIe siècle · Perse (Kashan)

Chronicler of Kashan, grandson of Babai ben Lutf, author of Kitab-i sarguzasht-i Kashan (1729).

XVIIe siècle (m. apr. 1662) · Perse (Kashan)

Poet-chronicler of Kashan, author of Kitab-i Anusi on the persecution of Jews under the Safavids.

1822–1877

vers 1255–1340 · Espagne (Saragosse)

Exegete and kabbalist from Saragossa, disciple of the Rashba, author of a fourfold commentary on the Torah. His work was widely circulated.

c. 1050-1120

Philosopher and moralist of Saragossa, author of the Duties of the Heart (Hovot ha-Levavot), the first systematic treatise of Jewish ethics and spirituality. His work, which explores the inner life and sincere devotion, remains one of the most widely read books of piety in Judaism.

1840–1894

101–300

rabbi

m. 135

Leader of the last great Jewish revolt against Rome (132-135). Rabbi Akiva recognized him as messiah. His defeat brought about the ban on Jews entering Jerusalem and the renaming of Judea as Palestine. His letters, discovered in the Judean Desert, attest to his leadership.

1816–1854 · principauté de Valachie

Romanian painter

1935–2017 · Australie

Australian political figure

1917–2012 · États-Unis

American biologist, college professor and eco-socialist

1923–2005 · États-Unis

US-based rabbi

1907–1991 · Israël

Israeli rabbi

1760–1828

Rabbi and Talmudist

1921–2005 · Espagne

Assistant chief rabbi, Brooklyn Syrian Jewish community

1140–1212

German Orthodox rabbi

1077–1127 · Espagne

Spanish judge and head of a yeshivah in Córdoba

XIIe–XIIIe siècle · Allemagne

Author of Sefer haTeroumah, disciple of Ritzba.

1100–1221

German rabbi

1770–1839 · Hongrie

Hungarian rabbi

1931– · Israël

Rosh yeshiva of Ponevezh, son of Dovid Povarsky, teaching at the yeshiva since 1953.

1860–1942

Belarusian rabbi

1895–1963 · Roumanie

First Rebbi of Sert Viznitz

1860–1941 · Empire russe

Author of Torah Temimah, commentary linking Written Torah and Oral Law.

1812–1877

German rabbi

1762–1813

(1762-1813)

1914–1995 · Israël

American rabbi

1907-1972 · Israël

Pioneer of Israeli literary criticism, polemicist at Bar-Ilan.

1929–2023 · Israël

rabbin haredi israélien (1929–2023)

1834–1922 · Tchécoslovaquie

Czech rabbi

1917–2010

American rabbi

1744–1810 · Empire russe

Writer (1744-1808)

1917–1979 · États-Unis

Rosh yeshiva of Telshe in Cleveland, rabbinic leader of American Judaism.

1632-1677

Philosopher of Amsterdam, excommunicated (herem) by the Jewish community in 1656. His Theologico-Political Treatise (1670) founds modern biblical criticism. His Ethics, a masterpiece of rationalism, influenced the Enlightenment. Hegel called him "the starting point of all modern philosophy."

1897–1940 · Pologne

Polish military rabbi (1897-1940)

1933–2025 · Argentine

Argentine activist

1883–1969 · Israël

Rabbinical scholar (1883-1969)

1940–2024 · Israël

Israeli rabbi (1940–2024)

1914–1997 · Israël

Israeli rabbi

1942–2025 · Israël

Israeli rabbi

1939–2009 · Israël

Israeli rabbi

1932–2011 · Israël

Rebbetzin (1932-2011)

1922–2009 · États-Unis

American actress

778–789 · Babylonie

Gaon of Soura at the end of the 8th century.

1856–1934

1767–1855 · France

French banker

1868–1944 · Hongrie

Hungarian rabbi

1884–1959 · Hongrie

Hungarian physician, internist, university professor and politician

1920–1998 · États-Unis

American politician

1939–2014 · États-Unis

spiritual leader of the African Hebrew Israelites of Jerusalem

1913–2000 · États-Unis

American journalist

1894–1964 · États-Unis

American screenwriter

1833–1909 · Empire ottoman

Iraqi rabbi

1953–2021 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1914–1944 · États-Unis

dentiste de l'armée des États-Unis, récipiendaire posthume de la Medal of Honor (1914-1944)

1887–1986 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

Dutch physician

c. 200 av. J.-C.

Sage of Jerusalem, author of Sirach (Ecclesiasticus), a collection of wisdom composed in Hebrew around 180 BCE. Although excluded from the Jewish canon, Hebrew fragments were found in the Cairo Genizah and at Qumran, attesting to its importance in Second Temple Judaism.

1924–1998 · Israël

Sephardic rabbi

1874–1941

Polish rabbi

1890–1972 · Israël

Israeli educator

1854-1932 · Empire russe

Storyteller of Odessa of traditional Jewish life, member of the Hovevei Zion.

1866-1921 · Lituanie

Writer and editor, founder of the Tushiyah publishing house in Warsaw.

1884–1973 · Israël

Israeli Zionist activist, teacher, historian and politician

1923–2016 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1880–1953 · Terre d'Israël

First Sephardic chief rabbi of the State of Israel, a decisor open to the challenges of modernity. He worked for the unity of the communities.

1757–1844 · Trieste

1840–1913 · États-Unis

American entrepreneur

XIIIe siècle · Italie

Liturgical poet and talmudist of Rome, author of the Massa Gei Hizzayon.

1672-apr. 1732 · Perse (Kashan)

Judeo-Persian poet of Kashan called « Amina », author of some forty religious poems.

1963–2021 · France

banker and owner of the Edmond de Rothschild group

c. 1130-1173

Traveler and geographer of Navarre, author of the Book of Travels (Sefer ha-Massa'ot), an account of his fourteen-year journey across Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. His descriptions of the Jewish communities constitute an invaluable ethnographic source on the medieval Jewish world.

1808–1872

German Orthodox rabbi

1811–1888 · Allemagne

German rabbi

1818–1864 · Principautés unies de Moldavie et de Valachie

Romanian Jewish traveller and historian

1819–1886 · France

French rabbi

1879–1944 · Lettonie

Teacher, Talmud researcher (1879–1944)

1905–1989 · Autriche

Austrian rabbi

1606–1675

Jewish writer

1728–1812

son of Solomon Zalman; disciple of the Gaon of Vilna

1919-1989 · Israël

Israeli novelist and sculptor born in Ukraine.

1775–1851 · empire d'Autriche

Polish-Hungarian rabbi

1740–1818

1877–1960 · Allemagne

German sculptor

1862–1945 · Allemagne

German rabbi

1850–1940 · Autriche

Jewish politician from Bukovina

?–1999 · Tunisie (Djerba)

Rabbi of Djerba, specialist in Hebrew pronunciation (Sefat Emet).

1910–2012 · États-Unis

Israeli historian

1929–2021 · Royaume de Danemark

Danish rabbi

1850–1940

rabbi, author and Jewish orator (1851–1914)

1871–1962 · Empire ottoman

Israeli rabbi

1917–1987 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

1751–1837

German rabbi

c. 1225–après 1270 · Angleterre

English tosafist of the Tosafot Hakhmei Anglia, from Lincoln.

vers 1200 · Angleterre et France

Jewish fabulist and grammarian, author of the Mishlé Choualim (Fox Fables), a Hebrew adaptation of European and Eastern fables. He likely lived in England and France.

1900–1943 · France

French rabbi

1915–1981 · Israël

Son of the Brisker Rav, rosh yeshiva of the yeshiva of Brisk in Jerusalem.

1934–2025 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1808–1893 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

Dutch rabbi

1691–1753 · Monarchie de Habsbourg

Austrian rabbi and private banker (1691/92–1753)

1887–1944 · Russie et Terre d'Israël

Intellectual and leader of the Labor Zionist movement, one of the ideological fathers of the Yishuv. He founded the daily newspaper Davar.

1865–1959 · États-Unis

American art historian (1865-1959)

1911–1984

American rabbi

1895–1945 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

1874–1938 · Pologne

Polish rabbi, politician, and diplomat (1874–1938)

1814–1871

American rabbi

1904–1980 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1915–2010 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1916–1988 · Afrique du Sud

British-South African rabbi (1916-1988)

1914–1986 · États-Unis

American novelist and short-story writer, author of The Assistant and The Fixer. His work explores suffering and redemption in the Jewish experience.

1929–2024 · États-Unis

American businessman and philanthropist

1885–1940

Russian-born American Orthodox rabbi and scholar (1885-1940)

1908–1944 · France

French rabbi

1859–1929 · Lituanie

Lithuanian lawyer, judge, journalist and politician (1859–1929)

1925–1996 · Argentine

Argentine politician

1872–1941 · royaume de Hongrie

Hungarian rabbi and church writer (1872-?)

1882–1942 · Autriche

Austrian gynecologist (1882-1942)

1849–1922 · Autriche

Austrian writer

1822–1908 · États-Unis

German rabbi

1855–1935 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

1923–2004 · Royaume-Uni

British writer

1853–1878 · Empire russe

Russian political figure

1926–2025 · Brésil

Brazilian actress

1876–1934 · Hongrie

Hungarian theologian, rabbi and lecturer

1891–1956 · Allemagne

German dermatologist (1891-1956)

1860–1903 · Hongrie

Slovak-born Hungarian writer (1860–1903)

1859–1936 · Autriche et Allemagne

Austrian social worker and feminist, founder of the German Jewish women's movement. Under the name "Anna O.," she was a foundational case in psychoanalysis.

1867–1942 · Autriche-Hongrie

Moravian rabbi

1918–1979 · États-Unis

United States Navy admiral (1918-1979)

1520–1594 · Empire ottoman

rabbi and Talmudic scholar (1520-1591)

1924–2014 · États-Unis

American model

c. 1000 av. J.-C.

Wife of King David and mother of Solomon. A figure of resilience, she secured the succession of her son to the throne (1 Kings 1). Rabbinic tradition sees in her a woman of wisdom who influenced the writing of Proverbs 31 (Eshet Hayil).

1920–2006 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

Dutch collaborator during World War II

1935–2024 · Israël

Rabbi

IVe siècle · Babylonie

Son of Abaye, Babylonian sage; 5th generation.

1920-2013 · États-Unis

Yiddish poetess and songwriter, born in Vienna, active in New York.

v.1520–v.1592 · Empire ottoman (Égypte, Jérusalem)

Talmudist, author of the Shitah Mekubetzet, a vast collection of Talmudic commentaries.

v. 1520–v. 1592 · Empire ottoman

Talmudist, author of Shitah Mekubetzet, master of Isaac Luria.

1820–1878

Russian rabbi (1820–1878)

1927–2003 · Suisse

Swiss rabbi

1760–1820

German rabbi

1920–1982 · Israël

Israeli rabbi

1942–2004 · Brésil

Brazilian actress

1929–2002 · États-Unis

American politician

1550–1620

1936–2016 · Israël

Israeli general and politician

1954–2017 · Israël

Israeli politician

1966–2000 · États-Unis

Israeli politician

1913–2002 · Israël

rabbi (1913-2002)

1852–1927

1913–1990 · Biélorussie

Israeli rabbi

1908–2000

American rabbi

1926–2016 · États-Unis

American Buddhist abbess

1926–2016 · Royaume des Pays-Bas

Dutch child psychologist

1813–1882

rabbi (1813–1882)

1907-1999 · États-Unis

Yiddish short-story writer born in Galicia, singular voice of the postwar period.

1899–1968 · États-Unis

American Jewish historian and talmudist (1899–1968)

1956–2022 · États-Unis

American comedian (1956–2022)

1937–2019 · États-Unis

American political figure

1301–1401 · couronne d'Aragon

Prominent citizen of Girona

1450–1514 · France

French astrologer

1946–2013 · Russie

Russian political figure (1946—2013)

1890–1960 · Union soviétique

Russian poet and novelist of Jewish origin, Nobel Prize 1958 for Doctor Zhivago, which he was forced to decline. His work was long banned in the USSR.

1866–1939

Belarusian rabbi

1872–1956

rabbi

1929–2023 · Israël

Rosh yeshiva of Ateres Yisrael (Jerusalem), member of the Moetzes of Degel HaTorah.

c. 618-670

The first Jewish exilarch under Arab rule, he was confirmed in his office by Caliph Omar. His marriage to a captive Sasanian princess gave rise to a famous rabbinic controversy over the status of his descendants.

1923–2013 · Israël

Yemen-born Israeli rabbanit, Israel Prize laureate for social welfare

1932–2019 · États-Unis

American film producer and actor

1941–2022 · Royaume-Uni

British journalist

c. 120-180

Learned woman of the Talmud, wife of Rabbi Meir and daughter of Rabbi Hanina ben Teradion (a Roman martyr). Her halakhic opinions are cited in the Mishna and the Talmud — a unique case for a woman in Talmudic literature. She symbolizes female scholarship in ancient Judaism.

1888–1968 · Autriche

historien de l'art, écrivain et éditeur allemand (1888-1968)

1910–1971 · République démocratique allemande

German politician

1881–1956 · Allemagne

German author (1881–1956)

1938–2023 · États-Unis

American translator

101–200

daughter of Rabbi Haninah Ben Teradion

1925–2015 · Suisse

Swiss actor

1906–1947 · États-Unis

American gangster, co-founder of the crime syndicate

1962–2006 · Brésil

Brazilian comedian (1962–2006)

1918–2005 · Empire ottoman

rabbi (1918-2005)

1860–1950 · Allemagne

German rabbi

1924–1997 · États-Unis

American baseball player

c. 1400 av. J.-C. (tradition)

One of the twelve scouts sent by Moses into Canaan (Numbers 13). With Joshua, he was the only one to encourage the conquest, which earned him entry into the Promised Land. At 85, he conquered Hebron. A model of courage and faithfulness, he embodies perseverance in the face of adversity.

1464–1523 · Empire ottoman

Jewish writer and polyhistor

1884–1971 · Belgique

Belgian politician

1830–1903 · France

French Impressionist painter born in the Danish West Indies, a paternal figure of the movement. He influenced Cézanne and Gauguin.

1722

Jewish convert, professor of Hebrew language in Helmstedt

1842–1910 · Hongrie

Austrian actor

1907–1996 · Canada

Canadian political figure

1867–1939 · États-Unis

American producer (1867-1939)

1934–2021 · États-Unis

American politician

1788–1855 · Ville libre de Francfort

German banker

1948–2021 · Espagne

Argentine writer

1944–2000 · États-Unis

American journalist

1881–1942

German artist (1881-1942)

1885–1940 · Empire allemand

German physician

1931–2006 · Israël

British rabbi

1821–1896 · France

French philanthropist

1894–1974 · Pologne

Mathematician, first woman to earn a doctorate in mathematics from a Canadian university.

1943–2023 · Chili

Chilean musician

1887-1956 · États-Unis

Yiddish poetess known for her poems on desire and death.

1928–2002 · Argentine

Argentine politician

1932–2023 · Italie

Italian lawyer, journalist and writer (1932–2023)

1787–1848 · Empire ottoman

Chief Rabbi of Ottoman Palestine

1851–1904

1755–1840

1933–2016 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1603–1673 · Empire ottoman

Halakhic authority born in Constantinople, rabbi of Izmir, author of the Knesset ha-Gedolah.

1832–1912

rabbi of Valozhyn, Moscow, and Jerusalem (1832–1912)

1858-1933 · Syrie (Alep)

Kabbalist of Aleppo; ascended to Jerusalem where he directed the yeshiva Rehovot ha-Nahar, author of « Eifa Sheleima ».

1790–1869 · Empire ottoman (Izmir/Smyrne et Jérusalem)

Av Beit Din in Smyrna, then chief Sephardi rabbi (Rishon LeZion) of Jerusalem from 1861.

1760–1854

1930–2020 · États-Unis

American rabbi

1909–2001 · Israël

Lithuanian rabbi

1868–1937

Hungarian rabbi

1882–1889

Polish rabbi

1910–1982 · États-Unis

Yiddish author (1910–1982)

1793–1876

Polish rabbi

1879–1960 · Pologne

Talmudist and specialist in Targum combining rabbinic erudition and modern textual criticism.

1918–1997 · Israël

Israeli politician

1832–1904 · Empire ottoman

Ottoman rabbi (1834–1904)

1857–1935 · Palestine mandataire

American Orthodox rabbi (1857–1935)

m. 1720 · Maroc (Salé)

Rosh yeshiva of Salé, grandfather and master of the author of the Or HaHaïm.

1933–2005 · Israël

Israeli Rabbi

1928–2022 · Israël

Leading posek in Bnei Brak, author of Derech Emunah.

1918–2001 · Pologne

rabbi

1902–1979 · Israël

Lithuanian rabbi

1789–1849

1902–1993 · Russie

chief of staff of the secretariat of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson (1902-1993)

1894–1964

American rabbi

1872–1960 · Empire ottoman

Ottoman rabbi (1872–1960)

1775–1861 · Empire ottoman

rabbi of Tiberias

1863–1940 · Lituanie

Belarusian rabbi

1240–1300 · France

13th century French Biblical commentator

1910–2012 · Israël

Rosh yeshiva, posek (1910–2012)

1748–1845 · Maroc

Moroccan rabbi

1748–1845 · Maroc (Essaouira/Mogador)

Grand Rabbi and tsaddik of Mogador, venerated for his miracles; annual pilgrimage to his tomb.

1855–1937 · Maroc (Essaouira/Casablanca)

Grandson of the preceding, born in Essaouira and active in Casablanca, venerated as a saint.

1929–2002 · États-Unis

American rabbi, writer and translator

1860–1931

Lithuanian Talmudist, rosh yeshiva

1856–1931 · Lituanie

« Reb Chaim Telzer », rosh yeshiva of Telz, architect of the Telzer Derech method of study.

1810–1904 · Empire russe

Polish mathematician, writer and journalist

1814–1879 · Empire russe

Russian rabbi

1905-1988 · Pologne

Yiddish dramatist born in Bialystok, active in Paris, author of « Homens mapole ».

1821–1886

Hungarian rabbi

1853–1918

Russian rabbi

1853–1918 · Empire russe

Founder of the Brisk analytical method, rabbi of Brest-Litovsk and master at Volozhin.

1893–1943 · Biélorussie et France

Expressionist painter of the School of Paris, born in Belarus, famous for his tormented portraits and still lifes. He lived in hiding during the Occupation.

1870–1949

Russian-American rabbi and scholar (1870–1949)

1935–2023 · Israël

Israeli actor

1814–1886

Hungarian Rabbi

1879–1926 · Autriche-Hongrie

Hungarian rabbi

1749–1821 · Empire russe

Disciple of the Gaon of Vilna, founder of the yeshiva of Volozhin and author of the Nefesh HaChaim.

1945–2022 · États-Unis

Chinese rabbi

1874–1952 · Russie, Royaume-Uni et Israël

Chemist and statesman, leader of the Zionist movement and first president of the State of Israel. His work in chemistry contributed to the British war effort.

1925–1995 · Israël

Israeli rabbi

1909–1990 · France

French rabbi

1886–1954 · Israël

Rosh yeshiva

1876–1942 · Suisse

Polish activist

1864–1948 · Lettonie

rabbi (1864-1948)

1794–1867

Hungarian rabbi

1893–1995 · États-Unis

20th century Hasidic Rebbe born in Romania, died in the USA

1865-1943 · Empire russe

Philosopher and essayist, theorist of Yiddishism and Jewish diasporism.

1914–1995 · Israël

American Orthodox rabbi

1881–1973 · Hongrie

American rabbi and writer (1881–1973)

1909–2003 · Israël

chief rabbi

200–300

3rd century Judean rabbi

1932–2019 · États-Unis

Israeli-American actress and singer

1888–1968 · France

French figurative sculptor (1888-1968)

1880–1964 · États-Unis

Ukrainian rabbi

300–400

second and third generation Amora Sage of the Land of Israel

1836–1904

Hasidic rabbi (1836-1904)

1908–2000 · Israël

British rabbi

1932–2022

British rabbi

1883–1942 · Pologne

1897–1965

Fourth Sochatchover Rebbe

1863–1941

rabbi

1798–1870

Polish rabbi

1906–1982 · Israël

American rabbi

1914–1982 · États-Unis

American political figure

1897–1978 · Royaume-Uni

British businessman

1956–2003 · France

Hebraist and historian of Judaism, specialist in Kabbalistic studies

1816–1888 · grand-duché de Bade

Franco-German photographer

1925–2003 · France

French rabbi

1899–1994 · Allemagne

Geneticist, founder of mutagenesis; discovered the mutagenic effect of mustard gas.

1892–1963 · États-Unis

German-American trans actress

1881–1972 · Allemagne

German politician

1897–1986 · Allemagne

Physician and psychotherapist, author of pioneering work in sexology on bisexuality.

1923–2010 · Pologne

American rabbi

1850-1930 · Syrie (Alep)

Rabbi born in Aleppo, founded a yeshiva; emigrated to Buenos Aires where he prohibited conversions (« Dibber Chaoul »).

1923-2011 · Canada

Yiddish novelist and poetess, survivor of Łódź, major figure of the post-Shoah period.

1901-1964 · États-Unis

Yiddish writer for children (Gershon Einbinder).

1901–1988 · États-Unis

Wife of the Rebbe (1901–1988)

1848–1929 · Maroc (Fès)

President of the rabbinical court of Fès for 50 years, kabbalist; author of Asher li-Shlomo.

vers 1225–1295 · Espagne

Spanish philosopher and encyclopedist, popularizer of Aristotelian philosophy and defender of Maimonides. Author of the Sefer ha-Mevakech.

1805–1896 · France

French stage actor (1805-1896)

1923–2019 · États-Unis

American writer

1928–2006 · États-Unis

American politician

100–200

1745–1812 · Russie blanche

Founder of Chabad-Lubavitch Hasidism and author of the Tanya and the Shulchan Aruch ha-Rav. He developed intellectual Hasidic thought (Chabad).

1859–1916 · Ukraine et États-Unis

Great humorist of Yiddish literature, creator of the character Tevye the Dairyman. His work inspired the musical Fiddler on the Roof.

1880–1957 · Pologne et États-Unis

Polish Yiddish novelist and playwright, a prolific author translated into many languages. His novels about Jesus aroused fierce controversy.

1916–1995 · États-Unis

American chemist and biochemist

1857–1942 · Union soviétique

1905–2005 · Autriche

Dutch-Austrian dancer and theater maker (1905-2005)

1925–2025 · Brésil

Brazilian activist

1870–1915 · Allemagne

German chemist

1946–2018 · Italie

Italian writer

1877–1945 · Allemagne

Developmental psychologist, pioneering study of child language through 18 years of journals.