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19th century

Legal persecution

17 mars 1808·France

Toll
toll not established

The toll is reproduced exactly as the source states it — never rounded, never added to another. Tolls overlap from one event to the next.

the so-called « Infamous Decree » of Napoleon suspends debts, subjects commerce to licensing and restricts Jewish residence in the departments of the East

The imperial decree of March 17, 1808, which the Jews of France would call the "infamous decree," suspends for ten years the debts owed to Jewish moneylenders, subjects their commerce to an annual license renewable at the discretion of the prefects, and forbids those who came from abroad from settling in the eastern departments without authorization. It runs counter to the emancipation voted by the Constituent Assembly, which had made the Jews of France citizens without condition.

The measures strike first at Alsace and Lorraine, where the majority of this population lived and where rural indebtedness had long fueled hostility. Bordeaux and the communities of the Midi are exempted, which makes clear enough that the decree targets less a religion than a designated social group. Having expired under the Restoration, it is not renewed, but it had shown that an acquired citizenship could be taken away by simple decree.

Period :
19th century
Type :
Persecution
Region :
Western Europe
Country :
France
Sources

Bulletin des lois de l'Empire français ; archives des consistoires israélites du Haut-Rhin et du Bas-Rhin.

At the same place16

  1. 1007-1012Persecutions under Robert the Pious; expulsion from Mainz (1012); violence in Limoges, Roueninconnu
  2. 1181Philip Augustus cancels debts owed to the Jews in exchange for a fifth paid to the treasury, prelude to the expulsion of the following yeartoll not established
  3. 1182Expulsion from the royal domaintoll not established
  4. 1239General seizure of copies of the Talmud ordered by Gregory IXtoll not established
  5. 1269Ordinance of Saint Louistoll not established
  6. 22 juillet 1306General arrest and expulsion from the kingdomtoll not established
  7. 1315Louis X recalls the Jews expelled in 1306, against heavy payment and for only twelve yearstoll not established
  8. 1321Affair of the leperscentaines
  9. 1322Charles IV expels the Jews from France anew, eight years after their recalltoute la communauté
  10. 17 septembre 1394Definitive expulsion from the kingdomtoll not established
  11. 1793-1794Closure of synagogues during the Terrorinconnu
  12. 3 oct. 1940Statute of the Jews of Vichy—

And 4 more in the catalogue.

In the same country172

  1. 576Bishop Avitus has the synagogue destroyed; Jews must choose between baptism and exile to Marseille (Gregory of Tours)>500 baptisés de force
  2. 576-591Forced conversions and expulsions ordered by bishops Théodore, Ferréol and Sulpice; Grégoire the Great protests against forced baptismsinconnu
  3. 582Chilperic I imposes baptism on the Jews of the kingdom; the merchant Priscus, who refuses, is murderedtoll not established
  4. 1007Persecution under Robert the Piousinconnu
  5. 1010Bishop Alduin orders the community to convert or leave the town; violence in the wake of rumors about the destruction of the Holy Sepulchreinconnu
  6. Mai-juin 1096Massacre by crusaders en route to the Orient22
  7. Mai 1096First massacre of the First Crusadeinconnu
  8. 1146The crusaders of the Second Crusade attack the community, which defends itself and perishes in its houseinconnu

And 164 more in the catalogue.

Event 931 of 2483, in chronological order · 19th century: 111 events in the catalogue

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