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Early Middle Ages and Crusades

Philip Augustus cancels debts owed to the Jews in exchange for a fifth paid to the treasury, prelude to the expulsion of the following year

1181·France

Toll
toll not established

The toll is reproduced exactly as the source states it — never rounded, never added to another. Tolls overlap from one event to the next.

Philippe Auguste, newly ascended to the throne, was in need of money. He annulled by ordinance the debts that the Christians of his domain owed to the Jews, requiring the debtors to pay the royal treasury one fifth of the sum from which they had been released.

The operation was twofold: it ruined the lenders and enriched the crown, while earning the king a reputation as a pious prince. It preceded by little the expulsion of the Jews from the royal domain of France, pronounced the following year, with confiscation of their properties.

This mechanism — cancelling debts, taking a share, then expelling and seizing — was subsequently employed by other sovereigns, in England as in France. It explains why medieval expulsions so often follow a period during which communities had been driven toward moneylending.

Period :
Early Middle Ages and Crusades
Type :
Expulsion
Region :
Western Europe
Country :
France
Sources

Rigord, Gesta Philippi Augusti ; ordonnances des rois de France.

At the same place16

  1. 1007-1012Persecutions under Robert the Pious; expulsion from Mainz (1012); violence in Limoges, Roueninconnu
  2. 1182Expulsion from the royal domaintoll not established
  3. 1239General seizure of copies of the Talmud ordered by Gregory IXtoll not established
  4. 1269Ordinance of Saint Louistoll not established
  5. 22 juillet 1306General arrest and expulsion from the kingdomtoll not established
  6. 1315Louis X recalls the Jews expelled in 1306, against heavy payment and for only twelve yearstoll not established
  7. 1321Affair of the leperscentaines
  8. 1322Charles IV expels the Jews from France anew, eight years after their recalltoute la communauté
  9. 17 septembre 1394Definitive expulsion from the kingdomtoll not established
  10. 1793-1794Closure of synagogues during the Terrorinconnu
  11. 17 mars 1808Legal persecutiontoll not established
  12. 3 oct. 1940Statute of the Jews of Vichy—

And 4 more in the catalogue.

In the same country172

  1. 576Bishop Avitus has the synagogue destroyed; Jews must choose between baptism and exile to Marseille (Gregory of Tours)>500 baptisés de force
  2. 576-591Forced conversions and expulsions ordered by bishops Théodore, Ferréol and Sulpice; Grégoire the Great protests against forced baptismsinconnu
  3. 582Chilperic I imposes baptism on the Jews of the kingdom; the merchant Priscus, who refuses, is murderedtoll not established
  4. 1007Persecution under Robert the Piousinconnu
  5. 1010Bishop Alduin orders the community to convert or leave the town; violence in the wake of rumors about the destruction of the Holy Sepulchreinconnu
  6. Mai-juin 1096Massacre by crusaders en route to the Orient22
  7. Mai 1096First massacre of the First Crusadeinconnu
  8. 1146The crusaders of the Second Crusade attack the community, which defends itself and perishes in its houseinconnu

And 164 more in the catalogue.

Event 161 of 2483, in chronological order · Early Middle Ages and Crusades: 89 events in the catalogue

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