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18th century

Closure of synagogues during the Terror

1793-1794·France

Toll
inconnu

The toll is reproduced exactly as the source states it — never rounded, never added to another. Tolls overlap from one event to the next.

worship forbidden, ritual objects confiscated, notables imprisoned, persecution extended to all faiths

De-Christianization struck synagogues as it struck churches: worship was forbidden, places of prayer were closed or converted into shops and temples of Reason, ritual objects were seized, silver crowns and Torah pointers were melted down. Notables were imprisoned, some executed; communities were forced to pay extraordinary contributions. The persecution did not target Jews in particular — it reached all faiths, and the refractory clergy paid the heaviest price — but it fell upon the Jews of France who had only just obtained citizenship and had not yet acquired any established protection. Worship was restored after the Terror.

Period :
18th century
Type :
Persecution
Region :
Western Europe
Country :
France
Sources

Zosa Szajkowski, *Jews and the French Revolutions* ; Robert Badinter, *Libres et égaux* ; Ronald Schechter, *Obstinate Hebrews*.

At the same place16

  1. 1007-1012Persecutions under Robert the Pious; expulsion from Mainz (1012); violence in Limoges, Roueninconnu
  2. 1181Philip Augustus cancels debts owed to the Jews in exchange for a fifth paid to the treasury, prelude to the expulsion of the following yeartoll not established
  3. 1182Expulsion from the royal domaintoll not established
  4. 1239General seizure of copies of the Talmud ordered by Gregory IXtoll not established
  5. 1269Ordinance of Saint Louistoll not established
  6. 22 juillet 1306General arrest and expulsion from the kingdomtoll not established
  7. 1315Louis X recalls the Jews expelled in 1306, against heavy payment and for only twelve yearstoll not established
  8. 1321Affair of the leperscentaines
  9. 1322Charles IV expels the Jews from France anew, eight years after their recalltoute la communauté
  10. 17 septembre 1394Definitive expulsion from the kingdomtoll not established
  11. 17 mars 1808Legal persecutiontoll not established
  12. 3 oct. 1940Statute of the Jews of Vichy—

And 4 more in the catalogue.

In the same country172

  1. 576Bishop Avitus has the synagogue destroyed; Jews must choose between baptism and exile to Marseille (Gregory of Tours)>500 baptisés de force
  2. 576-591Forced conversions and expulsions ordered by bishops Théodore, Ferréol and Sulpice; Grégoire the Great protests against forced baptismsinconnu
  3. 582Chilperic I imposes baptism on the Jews of the kingdom; the merchant Priscus, who refuses, is murderedtoll not established
  4. 1007Persecution under Robert the Piousinconnu
  5. 1010Bishop Alduin orders the community to convert or leave the town; violence in the wake of rumors about the destruction of the Holy Sepulchreinconnu
  6. Mai-juin 1096Massacre by crusaders en route to the Orient22
  7. Mai 1096First massacre of the First Crusadeinconnu
  8. 1146The crusaders of the Second Crusade attack the community, which defends itself and perishes in its houseinconnu

And 164 more in the catalogue.

Event 919 of 2483, in chronological order · 18th century: 74 events in the catalogue

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