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13th–14th centuries

Ordinance of Saint Louis

1269·France

Toll
toll not established

The toll is reproduced exactly as the source states it — never rounded, never added to another. Tolls overlap from one event to the next.

badge imposed throughout the kingdom, forced sermons and persecution of converts who returned to Judaism

Saint Louis, upon returning from the Crusade, decreed by ordinance that all Jews in the kingdom of France must wear a circular badge of cloth on their chest and back, on pain of a fine. He entrusted Paul Chrétien, the same convert who had confronted Nahmanide, with the mission of preaching in synagogues, where attendance was compulsory.

The same policy pursued converts who had returned to Judaism, considered relapsed and handed over to the stake. The reign, renowned for its justice, was the one that established in France the full apparatus of discrimination: visible marking, forced preaching, seizure of books, and fiscal pressure.

Period :
13th–14th centuries
Type :
Persecution
Region :
Western Europe
Country :
France
Sources

*Ordonnances des rois de France de la troisième race* ; Guillaume de Chartres, *De vita et actibus Ludovici* ; William Chester Jordan, *The French Monarchy and the Jews*.

At the same place16

  1. 1007-1012Persecutions under Robert the Pious; expulsion from Mainz (1012); violence in Limoges, Roueninconnu
  2. 1181Philip Augustus cancels debts owed to the Jews in exchange for a fifth paid to the treasury, prelude to the expulsion of the following yeartoll not established
  3. 1182Expulsion from the royal domaintoll not established
  4. 1239General seizure of copies of the Talmud ordered by Gregory IXtoll not established
  5. 22 juillet 1306General arrest and expulsion from the kingdomtoll not established
  6. 1315Louis X recalls the Jews expelled in 1306, against heavy payment and for only twelve yearstoll not established
  7. 1321Affair of the leperscentaines
  8. 1322Charles IV expels the Jews from France anew, eight years after their recalltoute la communauté
  9. 17 septembre 1394Definitive expulsion from the kingdomtoll not established
  10. 1793-1794Closure of synagogues during the Terrorinconnu
  11. 17 mars 1808Legal persecutiontoll not established
  12. 3 oct. 1940Statute of the Jews of Vichy—

And 4 more in the catalogue.

In the same country172

  1. 576Bishop Avitus has the synagogue destroyed; Jews must choose between baptism and exile to Marseille (Gregory of Tours)>500 baptisés de force
  2. 576-591Forced conversions and expulsions ordered by bishops Théodore, Ferréol and Sulpice; Grégoire the Great protests against forced baptismsinconnu
  3. 582Chilperic I imposes baptism on the Jews of the kingdom; the merchant Priscus, who refuses, is murderedtoll not established
  4. 1007Persecution under Robert the Piousinconnu
  5. 1010Bishop Alduin orders the community to convert or leave the town; violence in the wake of rumors about the destruction of the Holy Sepulchreinconnu
  6. Mai-juin 1096Massacre by crusaders en route to the Orient22
  7. Mai 1096First massacre of the First Crusadeinconnu
  8. 1146The crusaders of the Second Crusade attack the community, which defends itself and perishes in its houseinconnu

And 164 more in the catalogue.

Event 218 of 2483, in chronological order · 13th–14th centuries: 398 events in the catalogue

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