Skip to content
Zakhor
Sign up
← Back to catalogue

Antiquity

Councils XII and XVII

681-694·Tolède

Toll
toll not established

The toll is reproduced exactly as the source states it — never rounded, never added to another. Tolls overlap from one event to the next.

Jewish worship forbidden, children taken at seven years old to be raised Christian, property confiscated and community declared enslaved

The Visigothic kingdom of Spain accomplished in the span of roughly twenty years what its councils had been preparing since Sisebut. The Twelfth Council of Toledo, convened under Ervige, confirmed a body of laws prohibiting observance of the Sabbath, the festivals, dietary restrictions, and circumcision, and compelling the Jews to present themselves before the bishop on Christian feast days.

The Seventeenth, held under Égica, went further: accusing the Jews of having conspired with their coreligionists overseas against the kingdom, it ordered the confiscation of their property, the reduction to servitude of all those in the kingdom with the exception of those in Septimanie, their dispersal among Christian masters, and the removal of their children from the age of seven to be raised in the Christian faith.

These canons are the harshest that the Christian West produced before the close of the Middle Ages. It is impossible to say to what extent they were enforced: the Arab conquest followed shortly thereafter, and a portion of the historiography has seen in this legislation one of the reasons why Jewish communities received the new masters without hostility.

Period :
Antiquity
Type :
Persecution
Region :
Western Europe
Country :
Espagne
Sources

Canons des douzième et dix-septième conciles de Tolède ; Lex Visigothorum.

At the same place10

  1. 1109Riot at the death of Alphonse VIinconnu
  2. 1212Massacre of the Jewish quarter by foreign crusaders who came to fight at Las Navas de Tolosa; the Castilian knights put an end to itinconnu
  3. 1355Castilian civil war (Henry of Trastamare)~1 200
  4. 1369Siege of Toledo during the Civil Warinconnu
  5. juin 13911391 Massacresinconnu
  6. 1449Anti-converso riot by Pero Sarmientotoll not established
  7. 1467Anti-converso riottoll not established
  8. 1486Autos-da-fé of the Toledo Inquisitiondizaines d'exécutions
  9. 1488Auto-da-fédizaines
  10. 1490-1491Trial of the « Holy Child of La Guardia »8

In the same country99

  1. v. 300-306Council of Elviretoll not established
  2. 418Forced conversion of the community (letter of Severus)toll not established
  3. 613-694Sisebut (613)toll not established
  4. 629-633Dagobert I orders the baptism or expulsion of the Jews of the kingdom (Fredegar); the Fourth Council of Toledo forbids forcing baptism but retains already baptized childrentoll not established
  5. 694XVIIth Council of Toledotoute la communauté
  6. 1013Berber plunder of the city, Jews killed and driven outinconnu
  7. 1063French knights sent to fight at Barbastro attacked communities on the way; Pope Alexander II wrote to the bishops of Spain to forbid itinconnu
  8. 1066Assassination of vizier Joseph ibn Nagrela, massacre of the community~1 500 familles / ~4 000

And 91 more in the catalogue.

Event 87 of 2483, in chronological order · Antiquity: 88 events in the catalogue

Back to cataloguePropose a missing event