15th–17th centuries
Expulsion of Jews from Bologne in application of the bull « Caeca et obdurata »
1593·Bologne
The toll is reproduced exactly as the source states it — never rounded, never added to another. Tolls overlap from one event to the next.
the ghetto closed, the cemetery destroyed
In application of the bull *Caeca et obdurata* of Clement VIII, the Jews were expelled from Bologna and from the greater part of the Papal States, where only Rome and Ancona remained open to them. The ghetto was closed and the cemetery destroyed.
The tombstones of the Jewish cemetery of Bologna were reused in constructions throughout the city and were only recovered in the last century. Bologna had housed one of the first Hebrew printing workshops in Italy; there was no longer a community in the city until the modern era.
- Period :
- 15th–17th centuries
- Type :
- Expulsion
- Region :
- Western Europe
- Country :
- Italie
Bulle Caeca et obdurata ; Milano, Storia degli ebrei in Italia.