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19th century

Exclusion from public schools

1893·Roumanie

Toll
toll not established

The toll is reproduced exactly as the source states it — never rounded, never added to another. Tolls overlap from one event to the next.

Jewish children, deemed foreign, are admitted only after others and for a fee, free admission being denied to them

Romanian law did not recognize its Jews as citizens: it regarded them as foreigners, though born in the country and often for generations. Education law drew the logical consequence — Jewish children were admitted to Romania's public schools only after others, within the limit of remaining places, and against payment, free schooling being reserved for nationals. Communities responded by opening their own schools, supported by the Alliance israélite universelle, which was costly and insufficient everywhere. This exclusion from schooling, combined with exclusion from trades, is one of the direct causes of the massive emigration that emptied the Moldavian towns at the turn of the century.

Period :
19th century
Type :
Persecution
Region :
Central and Eastern Europe
Country :
Roumanie
Sources

Carol Iancu, *Les Juifs en Roumanie* ; Simon Doubnov, *Histoire des Juifs de Russie et de Pologne* ; *Encyclopaedia Judaica*, article « Rumania ».

At the same place5

  1. 1867-1868Expulsions of Jews called 'vagrants'inconnu
  2. 1879Legal persecutiontoll not established
  3. 1899-1900Exclusion from tradestoll not established
  4. Déc. 1922Student riots in Cluj, Iași and Cernăuțitoll not established
  5. 22 janv. 1938Legal persecutiontoll not established

In the same country20

  1. 1866Riottoll not established
  2. Décembre 1927Congress of antisemitic studentstoll not established
  3. 4 juill. 1930Pogrom by students of the Iron Guardinconnu
  4. 30 juin – 1ᵉʳ juill. 1940Massacres of Galați and Dorohoi53 à 200 à Dorohoi
  5. 21-23 janv. 1941Bucharest Pogrom~125 morts
  6. 28-30 juin 1941Pogrom of Iași~13 000 morts
  7. juillet 1941Massacre of Hertabilan non établi
  8. Juill. 1941Czernowitz Pogrom and Ghetto~2 000 puis ~28 000 déportés

And 12 more in the catalogue.

Event 1018 of 2483, in chronological order · 19th century: 111 events in the catalogue