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Early Middle Ages and Crusades

Capture of the city by the Crusaders; Jews burned in the synagogue

1099·Jérusalem

Toll
inconnu

The toll is reproduced exactly as the source states it — never rounded, never added to another. Tolls overlap from one event to the next.

The Crusaders took Jerusalem after a five-week siege. The massacre that followed made no distinction between Muslims and Jews, who had taken part in the defense of the ramparts alongside the Fatimid garrison.

Accounts agree on one point: the community had gathered in its synagogue, which the assailants set on fire. The letters found in the Cairo Genizah show what followed — captives sold, Torah scrolls ransomed one by one, fundraising appeals sent as far as Egypt by the community of Ascalon to redeem the prisoners and the books.

The Latin kingdom then forbade Jews from residing in Jerusalem; it was not until Saladin that they returned. The traveler Benjamin de Tudèle, seventy years later, found only a handful of families there, dyers at the foot of the Tower of David.

Period :
Early Middle Ages and Crusades
Type :
Massacre
Region :
Land of Israel
Country :
Terre d'Israël
Sources

Ibn al-Qalānisī, *Histoire de Damas* ; lettres de la Genizah du Caire ; Guillaume de Tyr, *Chronique*.

At the same place53

  1. v. 925 av. J.-C.Invasion de Sheshonq Iᵉʳ (Shishaq)non chiffré
  2. 597 av. J.-C.First Babylonian Deportation3 023 à 10 000 déportés selon les sources
  3. 586 av. J.-C.Destruction of the First Temple and Jerusalem832 déportés (Jérémie) ; exécutions à Ribla, morts non chiffrés
  4. 312 av. J.-C.Seizure of the city by Ptolemy I on a Sabbath day, when the population refuses to fight; deportation of Jews to Egyptmilliers déportés
  5. 175-172 av. J.-C.Deposition of high priest Onias III, sold by Jason then by Menelaus; assassination of Onias at Daphne and repression of protestersinconnu
  6. 169 av. J.-C.Pillage of the Temple by Antiochos IV upon his return from his Egyptian campaigninconnu
  7. 168 av. J.-C.Expedition of Apolloniosmilliers selon I Maccabées
  8. 162 av. J.-C.The Hasidim come to treat with high priest Alkime are seized and executed the same day60
  9. 63 av. J.-C.Seizure of the Temple by Pompey~12 000 (Josèphe)
  10. 55 av. J.-C.Crassus plunders the Temple treasure before his Parthian campaigntoll not established
  11. 40-37 av. J.-C.Parthian invasion and then siege by Herod and Sossiusinconnu
  12. 26-36Government of Pontius Pilateinconnu

And 41 more in the catalogue.

In the same country32

  1. v. 840 av. J.-C.Prise de Nebo par Mesha de Moab7 000 (stèle de Mesha)
  2. 722 av. J.-C.Fall of Samaria after three years of siege27 290 déportés (annales de Sargon II)
  3. 701 av. J.-C.Campagne de Sennachérib en Juda200 150 déportés (prisme de Sennachérib)
  4. 582 av. J.-C.Assassination of Gedaliah and the Third Deportation80 pèlerins massacrés ; 745 déportés (Jérémie)
  5. 200-198 av. J.-C.Fifth Syrian Warinconnu
  6. 167-160 av. J.-C.Persecutions by Antiochus IV Epiphanesmilliers
  7. 63-61 av. J.-C.After the capture of the Temple, Pompey reduces Jewish territory and takes captives to Rome, nucleus of the Trastevere communitymilliers de captifs
  8. 53 av. J.-C.Cassius takes the city and sells its inhabitants into slavery~30 000 vendus

And 24 more in the catalogue.

Event 135 of 2483, in chronological order · Early Middle Ages and Crusades: 89 events in the catalogue