XIXth century CE

Hungarian landowner and member of the Upper House of Hungary, born in Csongrad in 1829, trained at the real school of Budapest. He first devoted himself to agriculture before taking part, as…

Sylvain Lévi (1863-1935), holder of the chair of Sanskrit language and literature at the Collège de France (1894-1935) and director of studies at the EPHE, was one of the greatest Indologists of his…

Dutch actor and singer (1896–1985)

Russian jurist and publicist, born in Ponievej (government of Kovno) on October 27, 1858, descendant of the family of Joel Sirkes. Trained in law at the University of Saint-Petersburg, he practices…

Hungarian writer born in Tura on August 27, 1857. After studying the Talmud and attending for a time the rabbinic seminary of Budapest, he writes for Hebrew periodicals under the pseudonym Ibri Anoki…

Austrian philologist born in Vienna on November 22, 1857, died in the same city on December 14, 1904, son of Simon Szanto. Trained at the University of Vienna, he became there a privat-docent in…

Hungarian journalist born in Nagy-Kanizsa on 23 August 1819, died in Vienna on 17 January 1882, son of Rabbi Meïr Szanto. Trained at the yeshivot of Lakenbach and Gross-Jenikau then at the University…

Hungarian painter born in Török Szent Miklós in 1864. Trained at the technical school of Budapest, he devoted himself to art and stayed in Munich, Italy and then Paris, where the Academy of Fine Arts…

Hungarian philologist born in 1854, died in Klausenburg on May 15, 1905. Trained in Budapest and Leipzig, he first teaches at the gymnasium in Budapest then at the Eötvös College, before being called…

Hungarian ophthalmologist born in Budapest in 1848, doctor of medicine from Vienna in 1872. Established in Budapest in 1874, he becomes chief physician of the ophthalmology service of the Jewish…

Third Alexander Rebbe

Rabbi and American scholar, born in Nemiskert (Hungary) on November 15, 1829, died in Berkeley Springs (West Virginia) on July 31, 1902; figure of the conservative movement of the Reformation,…

Hungarian writer born in Almás on November 10, 1855, trained in Baja, Budapest and Vienna. He began in 1874 as a journalist at the Fremdenblatt in Vienna, then joined the Morgenpost, before directing…

Beni-Israël soldier, enlisted in the 4th regiment of riflemen on 1 April 1842. Promoted jemidar and native adjutant on 1 January 1857, subahdar on 1 January 1861, then subahdar-major and bahadur in…

Beni-Israëli soldier born in Ahmedabad in 1848, enlisted in the 3rd regiment of light indigenous infantry on September 16, 1864. Promoted jemidar in 1877, subahdar in 1879 then subahdar-major in…

Yiddish and Hebrew journalist born in Schirwindt, East Prussia, on March 1, 1848, trained in Kamenetz-Podolsk and the gymnasium of Kishinev, graduate of the Imperial University of Odessa. After a…

Austrian rabbi born in Presbourg on January 30, 1871, trained at the Presbourg rabbinical school and in philology and oriental history at the University of Berlin (doctorate 1895). Appointed in 1896…

German physician and chess master born in Breslau on March 5, 1862, trained in medicine in Berlin, Halle and Nuremberg, where he practises. One of the most titled chess players of his time, he won…

Polish pianist and composer born in Warsaw on November 4, 1841, died in Leipzig on July 17, 1871. Trained by his father and then, from the age of fourteen, by Liszt in Weimar, of whom he became the…

American naval officer born in Saint-Louis (Missouri) on November 20, 1847, entered the Naval Academy at Annapolis in 1863 and graduated in 1867. Ensign in 1868, he rose through the ranks to the rank…

German composer born on January 21, 1812 in Glatz, died on July 26, 1894 in Prague. Trained in music by Wolf and Mosovius during his law studies in Breslau, he abandoned the bar to direct, from 1837,…

Christian Hebraist English scholar born in London in 1840, trained at King's College London and then at St John's College Cambridge, of which he becomes master. Author of an edition of Ecclesiastes…

Rabbi and scholar active in the 17th and 18th centuries, first in Pinczów then in Płock. A prolific author, he notably published the Ya'alat Hen, sermons on the parachiot (Zolkiev, 1802), the Guet…

Translator, biblical commentator, and teacher Italian, born in Trieste 6 June 1821, died in the same city 17 June 1898. Professor of biblical exegesis at the Talmud Torah of his native city, where he…

Austrian pianist born in Prague in 1817, died in Odessa on November 13, 1882, a student of Triebensee and Tomaschek. He undertook numerous concert tours, particularly in southern Russia, and settled…

Austrian Hasid died on July 17, 1841, first serving as rabbi in Przemyśl then, from 1809, in Sátoraljaújhely, where he founded a Hasidic community independent of the Galician leaders. Accused in 1822…

Hungarian sculptor born in Baja on May 12, 1872. Trained in Budapest and then at the Allgemeine Bildhauerschule in Vienna, where he won the Füger gold medal, and then in the workshop of Professor…

Hungarian actor born in Budapest on 3 April 1844. After studying medicine for a time in Vienna, he joined in 1862 a theatrical company in Laibach, before being a member, from 1874 to 1890, of the…

Austrian theologian born in Brzesko, Galicia, on May 1, 1865, trained at the university and beth-hamidrash of Vienna and at the Hochschule für die Wissenschaft des Judentums in Berlin. He published…

Hungarian writer born in Nagy Bejom on April 11, 1836, died in Budapest on February 6, 1905, trained at Keszthely and in law at Budapest. Cofounder in 1861 of the society for the naturalization and…

Austrian playwright born in Prague on 13 November 1856, who made his debut in 1881 with the drama Die Schauspielerin. Prolific author of comedies, plays and tales published between 1884 and 1899 —…

Austrian author

Founder of political Zionism, author of The Jewish State (Der Judenstaat, 1896). A Viennese journalist marked by the Dreyfus affair, he organized the First Zionist Congress in Basel (1897) and laid…

German philosopher

German rabbi born on December 28, 1849 in Schmalleningken, East Prussia, trained in philosophy and orientalism at the University of Breslau and in rabbinical matters at the Jewish theological…

French priest

Scholar and politician, professor of religious history, specialist in numismatics. He edited the works of Flavius Josephus, wrote a History of the Israelites (1884) and Jewish Coins (1887), and had…

Judeo-German (Yiddish) actor born in Kyiv on May 30, 1866, left to seek work in New York in 1881, where he organized a Jewish troupe performing at Turn Hall. Settled in Chicago as a theater director,…

Lithuanian Talmudist born in Mir on October 13, 1823, died in Warsaw on March 30, 1899, second son of Samuel Tiktinski, founder of the yeshiva of Mir, died in 1835 leaving him without resources.…

Paleontologist, founder of paleoneurology, the study of fossil brains.

American rabbi

Dutch rabbi

Christian American orientalist born in Norfolk, Virginia, on March 23, 1836, trained at the University of Virginia and then in orientalism at the University of Berlin (1866-68). Professor of Hebrew…

Russian jurist born in Jitomir in 1839, died in the same city in 1895. Trained in law at the University of Saint Petersburg, he entered public service, where he distinguished himself through his…

German physician and medical author born in Ratibor, Prussian Silesia, on January 18, 1818, died in Berlin on April 11, 1876, elder brother of Moritz Traube. Trained in Breslau, Berlin (Doctor of…

American publisher born in Camden (New Jersey) on December 19, 1858. In 1892, he was appointed, with Richard Maurice Bucke and Thomas B. Harned, literary executor of Walt Whitman, on whom he…

Austrian scholar born in Trebitsch, in Moravia, around 1760, died in Nikolsburg in the first half of the 19th century. A student of the yeshiva of Löb Fischels in Prague in 1775, he then settled in…

French rabbi born in Metz on December 28, 1822, died in Paris in 1890, trained in Marmoutier under his uncle Jacob Haguenauer and then in Merzig, Prussia, under the Talmudist Moses Lévy. After the…

Danish pedagogue born in Copenhagen on 23 January 1837, died in Vallekilde on 29 December 1893. Graduate of Copenhagen University in 1863, he taught at the Blaagaard seminary, took part in the war…

Danish physician born in Copenhagen on June 14, 1831, died in the same city on May 17, 1898. Diploma from the University of Copenhagen in 1860, he published shortly after several clinical studies and…

Pedagogue, writer and Danish politician born in Copenhagen on May 10, 1845, trained at the Von Westenske Institut and in law at the University of Copenhagen. He devoted himself to pedagogy from 1864,…

Danish pharmacist born in Copenhagen in 1804, died in the same city in December 1888. A graduate of the College of Pharmacy of Copenhagen in 1826, he owned a pharmacy in Lyngby, in Zealand, from 1830…

Austrian dramatist born in Vienna on June 16, 1845. First a sculptor at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna, he turned to writing after the success of his farce Lachende Erben (1867) and won several…

English churchman, biblical scholar and traveller in Palestine, born May 11, 1822 at Eglingham, Northumberland, ordained in 1845. He explored the northern Sahara then visited Palestine for the first…

Russian Hebrew writer and poet born in Wilna on January 18, 1856, settled in Grodno as a professor of Hebrew and Russian. His literary career began in 1873 with his first articles in Ha-Lebanon, then…

American Christian Orientalist born in Stonington (Connecticut) on June 8, 1830, died in Philadelphia on December 8, 1903. Sunday school missionary from 1858 and then secretary of the Sunday School…

Hasidic thinker and halakhist, author of a profound work blending Kabbalah, philosophy, and religious psychology. He led the court of Izhbitza-Lublin.

French folklorist born in Paris on March 23, 1830, died in the same city on February 28, 1901. Privately educated, he devoted his life to the study of traces of the supernatural in traditional…

Russian educator and author, brother of Jacob Tugendhold, teacher at the rabbinical school of Wilna and censor of Jewish publications in that city. He is the author of Der Denunciant, a narrative of…

Hungarian artist born in Székesfehérvár in 1870, trained in Budapest, Milan and Paris, where he was a student of J. P. Laurens and B. Constant. His first work, The Cathedral of Notre-Dame, attracted…

Russian Hebraist born in Vilna, died in that same city on May 29, 1885 (or, according to Zeitlin, June 8, 1884), settled in Warsaw where he taught Hebrew and several modern languages. A talented…

Austrian physician and poet born in Rzeszów, in Galicia, on March 25, 1816. Entering the University of Vienna in 1830 to study medicine (doctor in 1840), he collaborates with several periodicals and…

Russian mathematician

British rabbi

French rabbi

Lithuanian rabbi

Hungarian deputy and economist born in Budapest on February 18, 1850, died in the same city in 1897, son of Karl Ullmann (1809-1880), founder of the first Hungarian insurance company and…

Banker and American author born in New York on July 2, 1861. Member in 1900 of the New York brokerage house J. H. Sulzbacher, he is one of the founders of the Judæans and is passionate about the…

French history painter born in Blotzheim, Alsace, on May 24, 1829, died in Paris on February 24, 1884. Trained at the École des Beaux-Arts under Drölling and Picot, he won the Prix de Rome in 1859;…

Italian painter

Italian rabbi

Born in Genoa into a Jewish family originating from Piedmont, one of the founders of the Italian Communist Party. Elected to the Constituent Assembly in 1946, he became its president in 1947 and…

German art critic born in Coswig-on-the-Elbe on March 14, 1802, died in Berlin on May 17, 1868. Trained in drawing, mathematics, and architecture, he chose an artistic career and traveled in Italy…

German physician and dermatologist born in Hamburg on September 8, 1850, trained at the universities of Heidelberg, Leipzig, and Strasbourg (doctorate in medicine, 1875); seriously wounded during the…

Pioneer of Hebrew prose, precursor of stream of consciousness.

Australian politician

French dramatist born in Carpentras (Vaucluse) on December 17, 1853, one of the most prolific playwrights of his time — nearly two plays per year — and dramatic critic of L'Illustration in Paris.…

French general born in Carpentras (Vaucluse) on September 20, 1852, trained at the Polytechnic School and at the School of Applied Artillery and Engineering. After studies at the École supérieure de…

German physiologist born in Breslau in July 1810, died in Bern on May 24, 1883. A graduate in medicine from Breslau in 1832, he received in 1835 the Grand Prize of the Institut de France for his…

Hungarian traveler and orientalist born in Duna-Szerdahely, near Pressburg, on March 19, 1832. Attracted to Turkish culture, he goes to Constantinople in 1854 thanks to Baron Joseph Eötvös, becomes…

Pioneer of lip-reading for the deaf-mute in England, born in Rotterdam on June 11, 1845, trained under Dr. Hirsch, who had introduced the German oral method to the Netherlands. Invited in 1866 to…

Hebrew scholar and English librarian born in Gouda, Holland, in 1845, died in London in 1902. Appointed Hebrew librarian of the British Museum in 1873, he translated numerous Dutch, German and Hebrew…

Christian Hebraist born on March 14, 1806 in Behndorf, Saxony, died in Berlin on April 19, 1882. Trained in Halle, Göttingen and Berlin, he became privatdozent in Berlin in 1830 and assistant…

Hungarian publicist and deputy born in Sümegh in 1868, educated in Budapest where his eloquence made him a leader of student movements. He sparked a national movement against dueling, advocated for…

Hungarian publicist born in Nagy-Boldogasszony on January 18, 1846, trained in Kis-Kőrös, Budapest and Vienna. After briefly teaching in a Jewish school in Kecskemét, he collaborated on several…

Hungarian rabbi and writer born on May 19, 1867 in Kecskemét. Trained at the rabbinical seminaries and universities of Budapest and Breslau (doctorate in 1890), he obtained his rabbinical diploma in…

French philanthropist born in Livorno in 1825, died in Paris on February 5, 1889. Director of the Camondo Bank and president of the committee of the Universal Israelite Alliance in Constantinople, he…

Russian jurist born in the first quarter of the 19th century, died in Moscow in 1900. Graduated in law from the University of Saint-Petersburg in 1866, he was one of the first secretaries of the…

Dutch painter and engraver of vignettes born in The Hague on April 19, 1826, trained by his brother Samuel L. Verveer and by H. F. C. Ten Kate. In 1845, he goes to Brussels to engrave the vignettes…

Dutch landscape and genre painter born in The Hague on November 30, 1813, died in the same city on January 5, 1876, student of B. J. van den Hove. A great traveler, he remained fascinated all his…

Hungarian editor and Member of Parliament born in Arad on November 6, 1858, trained in philosophy, literature and languages in Budapest. A poet in his youth, he published two collections of verses in…

Sculptor and medallist born in Šiauliai (Lithuania) in a Jewish family, who emigrated to the United States in 1890. Author of the Lincoln cent, struck from 1909.

historien allemand

actress

Rabbi of Fez, 19th century. Born in 5657 (1897), died in 5610 (1850) of the Hebrew era. Registered in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 31-2.

Rabbi of Fès, 19th century. Born in 5622 (1862), died in 5681 (1921) of the Hebrew era. Son of Abner Israel. Recorded in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 31-2.

French financier born in Paris on August 22, 1859, graduate of the faculty of law and admitted to the bar in 1882. He entered in 1885 the Bank of Public Funds and Industrial Securities, directed by…

Hasidic rabbi

German chemist

Austrian composer

Hungarian lawyer and deputy born in Gyöngyös on November 9, 1854, trained in Budapest where he became a lawyer in 1882. Noticed during his studies for his work in political economy, he became known…

Born in Padua on May 10, 1859, of Polish Jewish descent, he was professor of civil law at the University of Padua (1885-1918) then at that of Rome (1918-1926). Member of the Italian Senate from 1910,…

Italian diplomat, Count of Carrobio (1867–after 1944)

Russian ethnographer and writer born in Ovroutch into the family of a Jewish schoolmaster. A revolutionary in exile, he became famous for his studies of the Chukchi of Siberia, conducted notably for…

American rabbi born in Amsterdam on November 13, 1852, trained at the Jewish theological seminary of Amsterdam and doctor of the Hebrew Union College in Cincinnati. He serves successively in…

German composer born in Leipzig on May 22, 1813, died in Venice on February 13, 1883. After difficult beginnings, he met Meyerbeer in 1839, who helped him have his operas performed in Paris, then…

German writer born March 28, 1829 in Sondershausen, died October 15, 1887. Educated in Oriental languages at Leipzig under Julius Fürst and H. L. Fleischer, he taught for a time in an English school,…

English physician born in Odessa in 1837, trained in Kiev, Prague and London (doctor of medicine, 1863), subsequently established in Manchester. Prolific author of medical works, including A…

Russian philosopher and author born in Odessa in 1830, died in Pisa on January 27, 1901, residing successively in Ancona, Naples, Florence, Livorno and Pisa. He translated Pushkin's poems into…

Hungarian politician born in Budapest on February 28, 1832, died in the same city on November 26, 1892, grandson of Israël Wahrmann. Entering his father's commercial enterprise in 1847, he directed…

Beni-Israel soldier, enlisted in the 19th regiment of native infantry on September 25, 1838. Promoted to jemidar in 1853, subedar in 1858, and subedar-major in 1872, he was decorated in 1877 with the…

Born Vladimir (Markus-Wolf) Aronovitch Khavkin in Odessa into a Jewish family. Emigrated to Switzerland (1888) then to the Pasteur Institute in Paris. First microbiologist to develop and administer…

Talmudist, editor and Polish author born in Warsaw around 1835, fervent follower of Hasidism. He became known through his Chem ha-Guedolim he-Hadash (Warsaw, 1864), an alphabetical directory of…

German physician born in Filehne (Posen) on July 31, 1837, died in Berlin on April 14, 1881, trained at the University of Berlin (doctor of medicine, 1860). Specialist in chest and throat diseases,…

Anglo-American archaeologist born in New York on March 30, 1856, trained at Columbia (1873), Heidelberg (doctorate, 1875), and Cambridge (1878). Appointed lecturer in classical archaeology at…

French composer born in Strasbourg on 9 December 1837, trained by his father and then by Joseph Heyberger, and at the Paris Conservatory. Around 1860, for lack of means, he turned to dance music; his…

English lawyer and professor of political economy born in London on March 17, 1819, died in the same city in June 1873, eldest son of Solomon Jacob Levy, who adopted the name Waley. Graduate of the…

Merchant, musician and community activist born in London on 23 August 1827, died in that city on 30 December 1875, younger son of Solomon Jacob Levy. Trained at University College London, he entered…

radiologist and an opera singer

German sinologist (1893-1981)

Illustrator born in Prague in a German-speaking Jewish family, famous for the covers of Erich Kästner's books (Emil and the Detectives) and Lilliput magazine; emigrated to London then Canada after…

Banker and English peer born in London in 1845, son of the Viscount of Stern, senior partner of the Stern Brothers house of which he was a part before retiring from business. After several…

Swedish poetess and translator born in Karlskrona on February 24, 1821, died in Copenhagen on November 8, 1878. Leaving as a child with her parents for Hamburg, she remains there until her father's…

Russian writer born in Kherson in 1853, trained in engineering then in law at the University of Saint Petersburg, from which he graduated in 1879. Contributor from 1874 to the Petersburg daily…

Governor of California (1824-1887)

Beni-Israel soldier, died around 1850. Enlisted in the 3rd regiment of light native infantry on January 1, 1809, he fought at Puna, Rusood, Khur, Multan, Kittoor and Gujarat, rising to the highest…

English hazzan and composer born in Sheritz, in Prussian Poland, in 1822, died in Brighton on August 24, 1882. Endowed as a child with a remarkable voice, he becomes hazzan in Konin and then in…

Russian banker born in Warsaw in 1844, died in Saint Petersburg on 20 October 1901. Trained in Warsaw and then in Germany, he resumed his return from his father's bank in Saint Petersburg and became…

Hungarian architect and philanthropist born in Nikolai, in Prussian Silesia, in 1828, died in Budapest on January 17, 1903. Trained in Berlin and then Vienna, where he becomes the assistant of…

Austrian physician born in Schiltern, Lower Austria, February 8, 1845, trained at the Josefs-Akademie and the University of Vienna (Doctor of Medicine, 1869). Military surgeon until 1878, he became…

German pathologist born in Münsterberg, Silesia, on 19 March 1845, died in Frankfurt-am-Main on 5 August 1904, graduated in 1868 from the universities of Berlin, Vienna and Breslau. Assistant to…

German physician born in Heidelberg on February 7, 1848, trained in Heidelberg, Berlin and Vienna (M.D., 1871). Privat-docent in special pathology at Heidelberg from 1872, assistant professor of…

German orientalist born in Sulzbourg, Baden, on April 25, 1808, died in Freiburg im Breisgau on August 29, 1889. Intended for the rabbinate, he abandoned that path and entered the University of…

Philologist born in Frankfurt am Main on August 26, 1818, trained in Bonn, Berlin and Leipzig, then in Paris, where he became doctor of letters in 1845. Professor of ancient literature at the…

Austrian physician born in Altsattel, Bohemia, on March 19, 1844, trained in Prague and Vienna (doctorate in medicine, 1867). Assistant at the surgical hospital of the University of Vienna from 1871…

Austrian journalist born in Württemberg, died in Vienna on January 7, 1878, holder of a law doctorate from the University of Fribourg (1827). Correspondent in Paris of the Allgemeine Zeitung from…

French physician born in Bischheim, Alsace, on August 24, 1842, trained at the lycée and the universities of Strasbourg and Paris. Established in the capital, he served as assistant surgeon at…

French rabbi born in Ensisheim, Alsace, on October 21, 1841, trained at the beth-hamidrash of Colmar and at the Séminaire israélite of France in Paris (rabbi, 1861). Appointed rabbi of Versailles in…

French mathematician born in Haguenau, Alsace, on May 24, 1851, educated at the lycées of Burg and Strasbourg, at the École polytechnique of Paris and at the military school of Fontainebleau.…

French rabbi born in Strasbourg on 19 July 1814, died in Paris on 6 January 1889, graduate of the École centrale rabbinique of Metz and the Sorbonne. Professor at Nancy, he became in 1846 the first…

French industrialist and man of letters born in Schlettstadt (Alsace) on July 20, 1858, he devoted himself to electric metallurgy and had the French State adopt copper alloys enabling long-distance…

American pianist born in Stuttgart on 22 April 1839, died in Baltimore on 28 December 1874, eldest daughter of the hazzan Moritz Eichberg. Trained by Mathilde Ries then, on the initiative of…

Russian writer born in Odessa around 1840, son of Isaiah Weinberg who had converted to Christianity, brother of writer Peter Weinberg and Judge Jacob Weinberg. Without training, he devotes himself to…

French musician and composer born in Nantes on May 5, 1844, son of a musician, trained at the École des beaux-arts of Paris under Alard and Vieuxtemps. Returned to his native city as a music teacher,…

French painter born in Budapest on May 11, 1838, educated at the School of Fine Arts in Vienna then established in Paris from 1860, where he became a French citizen in 1871. Regular exhibitor at the…

German ophthalmologist born in Giessen in 1849, trained at the universities of Giessen (doctorate in medicine in 1874), Tübingen, and Vienna. Assistant at the ophthalmological institute of the…

Hungarian chess player born July 21, 1857 in Szered, on the Waag, he studied mathematics and physics in Vienna, which he then taught, while participating in numerous international tournaments after…

Austrian mathematician born in Ridka, in Bohemia, on 3 February 1859, and died in Prague on 18 June 1904. Trained by his father and then, from 1881 to 1887, at the universities of Prague, Leipzig and…

Judeo-Russian writer and educator born in Polonki, in the province of Minsk, in 1841, and died in Kiev in 1904. Trained in several ḥeder then at the yeshiva of Slonim, he connected in Minsk with the…

Russian physician and anthropologist born in Elisabethgrad, in southern Russia, on 16 December 1867, trained at the Polytechnicum in Karlsruhe from 1884 and then graduated with a degree in medicine…

Austrian scholar born in Tarnów, Galicia, in 1830, destined for a rabbinical career and trained notably under Israel Rapoport. He founded in Lemberg in 1872 the periodical « Maggid Mishneh », devoted…

Austrian scholar and publicist born in Zelynia, Galicia, on April 21, 1840, and died in Vienna on May 14, 1892. Trained for the rabbinate in his native city and at the yeshiva of Rzeszów, he turned…

Hungarian deputy born in Budapest in 1845, trained at the gymnasium then at the commerce academy of his native city. Member of the arbitration committee of the Budapest Stock Exchange from 1876, he…

German biblical critic and Semitist born in Hameln on May 17, 1844, doctor of theology from Göttingen in 1870, where he became privat-docent the same year, then professor in Greifswald shortly after.…

Austrian cantor born in Prague on September 12, 1835 and died in that city on August 5, 1901, from a family of ḥazzanim and cantor of the Meisel Synagogue in Prague from a young age, trained at the…

Austrian Hebraist born in Brody, in Galicia, in the early nineteenth century, and died in that city on 31 July 1876. Disciple of Isaac Erter and Nachman Krochmal, he founds a Hebrew weekly published…

Austrian Hebraist born in Brody on February 4, 1859 and died in that city on August 20, 1890, son of Baruch Werber. From the age of fifteen he writes and speaks Hebrew fluently, publishing in 1874 a…

Polish rabbi born in Telšiai (Kovno province) in 1837, trained in several ḥeder then by his father, official rabbi of the city. He received in 1856 rabbinic authorization from several masters, became…

Russian Talmudic pedagogue born in Slonim (province of Grodno) in 1823 and died in Jerusalem on February 20, 1901, considered from childhood a prodigy of Talmudic erudition. Married at eleven,…

Austrian jurist and theologian born in Trebitsch, Moravia, on October 22, 1801, and died in Vienna on April 21, 1870. Sent at fourteen to Prague to prepare for the rabbinate, he received a doctorate…

American painter born in Mühlen, Württemberg, in 1840, who went to the United States at fifteen before returning to Europe to study art; he lived in 1905 in Washington, where he specialized in…

American economist born in Philadelphia on 11 March 1874, trained in the public schools of his native city then at the University of Pennsylvania (degree in 1892, doctorate in 1897), before…

French physician born in Paris on March 9, 1862, charged from 1886 to 1888 with public demonstrations of research at the faculty of pathological anatomy, then with a course in bacteriology at…

German rabbi born in Murowana-Goslin, in the province of Posen, in 1811, and died in Oppeln, Prussian Silesia, on 25 August 1895. Doctor of philosophy, he introduces in Posen a modern synagogue…

Belgian engraver born in Hoorstgen, in the Rhenish province, in 1815, and died in Brussels November 3, 1899. Trained from age thirteen in drawing and engraving by his uncle Baruch, he studied in…

American philologist born in Białystok, in the government of Grodno in Russia, on July 27, 1862, trained in the gymnasia of Minsk and Warsaw and then at the University of Warsaw and the Berlin…

Belgian engraver and sculptor born in Holland in 1823 and died in Brussels on January 24, 1891, resident of Boitsfort, of which he was elected mayor several times. Devoted to engraving and sculpture…

German teacher born in Glogau on June 3rd, 1819 and died in Hanover on March 31st, 1880, director of the religious school of that city. He gave a German translation of the « Shebeṭ Yehudah » of…

Russian violinist and composer born in Lublin, Russian Poland, on July 10, 1835, and died in Moscow on April 1, 1880, brother of pianist Joseph Wieniawski. Child prodigy sent at eight years to study…

Russian pianist and composer born in Lublin, in Poland, on May 23, 1837, brother of violinist Henri Wieniawski. Trained at the Paris Conservatory, he returns to Russia in 1850 where he frequently…

Russian-American journalist born in Vilno in March 1865, trained in traditional Judaism and in part self-taught. After stays in Riga from 1878 to 1882 then in Kovno and Białystok, he emigrates in…

German poet and philologist born in Wevelingen, Prussia, on 24 October 1807, and died in Brussels on 16 January 1882, trained in Krefeld, Cologne, Bonn and Munich where he obtained his doctorate in…

American mathematician born in Hamburg, Germany, on November 13, 1876, who emigrated with his parents to the United States in 1885 and returned to Germany in 1893 to study astronomy and mathematics…

Russian official born in Tsarskoïe Selo, near Saint-Petersburg, on February 22, 1864, from an ancient Russian Jewish family of landowners for two centuries. After studying law at the universities of…

Born in 1836 in the Jewish quarter of Prague (Bohemia). First official world chess champion (1886–1894) and founder of the modern "positional" school. He disseminated his ideas through the…

Hungarian linguist (1850–1913)

German banker and patron

Physician and social-democratic politician of Jewish Moravian origin, member of the National Council until 1934, forced into exile in 1938.

German philologist

German rabbi

German businessman (1848–1916)

Austrian architect

Austro-Hungarian photographer (1879–1943)

British artist

Archaeologist and numismatist

Bavarian financier and philanthropist born in Bayreuth on April 8, 1824 and died in Munich on December 26, 1903. Entering the Munich bank of his uncle J. W. Oberndörffer, whose daughter he marries,…

Russian chess player born in Warsaw in 1839, who emerged in Paris in 1867 by winning second prize in an impromptu tournament after observing games at the Café de la Régence. He confirmed this talent…

American philologist born in Cracow, Austria, on September 4, 1866, trained at the Cracow gymnasium then at Harvard (degree in 1889) and the University of Michigan (doctorate in 1892), with advanced…

Austrian Orientalist born in Horn on December 23, 1863, trained at the gymnasium of his native city then, from 1880 onwards, at the University of Vienna, where he obtained his doctorate in 1886. He…

Austrian physician and hydrotherapist born in Josefstadt, Bohemia, on March 1, 1835, trained in Vienna and Prague (doctor of medicine in 1857). After service in the Austrian navy and setting up a…

Austrian railway magnate born in Prague in 1819 and died in Vöslau on June 11, 1883, son of modest parents who began as a commercial employee in Prague and then in Vienna before founding his own…

American journalist and publisher born in Albany on October 28, 1849, son of Isaac Mayer Wise. Trained notably at Farmers College and the University of Michigan, he served briefly in the American…

American rabbi born in Budapest on 17 March 1862, son of Aaron Wise. Graduate of Columbia (bachelor's degree in 1892, doctorate in 1901) after rabbinical studies with several masters, he became in…

Russian philanthropist born in Jagory, in the province of Kovno, on July 8, 1824, and died in Moscow on May 24, 1904. After interrupted studies at the yechiva of Volozhin, he settled in Yanichki and…

Austrian physician born in Nagykanizsa, Hungary, on July 14, 1818, and died in Vienna on January 8, 1889, graduated from the University of Vienna in 1841. After ten years of practice in Győr,…

Hungarian electrician and physicist born in Hódmezővásárhely on January 16, 1860, trained at the University of Budapest and then in Vienna, Berlin, Paris, Frankfurt, Darmstadt, and Hanover. Appointed…

French writer born in Paris December 4, 1863, son of rabbi Lazare Wogue, agrégé in letters of the École normale supérieure in 1885. After teaching in the lycées of Saint-Quentin and Reims, then in…

French rabbi born in Fontainebleau on July 22, 1817 and died in Paris on April 14, 1897, educated at the Lycée Charlemagne then at the École centrale rabbinique of Metz, where he obtained his…