XIXth century CE

German Jewish lawyer and art collector (1876–1956)

German legal scholar

Austrian-born Jewish art historian who fled Nazi Germany for Britain, where he directed the Warburg Institute in London. His surname (Saxl) is a documented spelling variant of Saxel.

American theater director born in Sandusky, Ohio, around 1858. After beginning as a front-of-house agent for minstrel troupes and then as an exploiter of theatrical rights in New York, he conceived…

American theatre director, brother of Charles Frohman, born in Sandusky, Ohio, in 1853. Leaving for New York in 1866, he debuts as an office boy at the « New York Tribune » before turning to theatre;…

Russian writer and poet born in 1860 in the Jewish agricultural colony of Bobrovy-Kout, province of Kherson. His first poem appeared in 1880 in « Razsvyet » ; settled in Saint Petersburg in 1881, he…

Italian physiologist born May 26, 1841 in Casale Monferrato, in Piedmont, died September 6, 1898 in Turin. Doctor of medicine from the University of Turin (1862), he subsequently trained in Paris…

Austrian journalist born in Leipnik, near Biała, in Galicia, on September 25, 1849. Active throughout his life as a feuilletonist and dramatic critic, he contributes successively to several Viennese…

Russian physician, son of Samuel Fuenn, born in Wilna in 1848, died in that city on August 12, 1901. Trained at the rabbinical seminary of his native city and then at the medical faculty of Saint…

German jurist born in Mainz on 23 December 1859, trained at the universities of Heidelberg, Berlin and Giessen where he obtained his doctorate in law in 1881. Admitted to the bar in 1884, he…

German writer born in Frankfurt am Main on July 15, 1862. Trained in philology and German philosophy at the universities of Berlin, Leipzig and Heidelberg (doctorate in 1883), he settled in 1884 in…

German physician born in Braunsberg on April 15, 1844, died in Berlin on May 25, 1898. Trained in Königsberg, holder of a doctorate in medicine from Berlin in 1867, he became a practicing physician…

German rabbi, born in Mannheim on November 14, 1826, died in the same city on September 5, 1899. Trained at the University of Heidelberg, he became rabbi in Endingen in 1854, in Merchingen in 1857,…

German physician born in Leipzig on May 27, 1840, son of the orientalist Julius Fürst. Doctor of Medicine from Leipzig (1864), he specialized in pediatrics and directed from 1865 to 1886 the…

German legal scholar of the first half of the 19th century, brother of Jacob Raphael Fürstenthal, converted to Christianity. Author of numerous works on Roman and commercial law, including an…

French philanthropist born in Paris in 1821, died in Rocquencourt in 1896. Wife of Charles Heine, cousin of the poet, she inherited his fortune and devoted it to numerous charitable works, including…

Rabbi (1848–1883)

Hungarian Talmudist born in Vágújhely, dayyan for fifteen years before being appointed rabbi and av bet din of Rohonc, where he remained until his death (1850). He devoted his life to study and his…

Bulgarian chief rabbi

Hamburg jurist with a degree from Heidelberg, initially refused the practice of law due to lack of civil rights as a Jew. Became the principal advocate for the emancipation of German Jews.…

Russian pianist born in Saint Petersburg on February 7, 1878, student of the City Conservatory under the direction of Anton Rubinstein. On the latter's advice, he left in 1894 to study in Vienna with…

Born and raised in Petah Tikva, he was an Orientalist in the Arab Affairs department of the Jewish Agency during the British Mandate. At independence (1949) he became director general of the Ministry…

Austrian physician born in Pardubice, Bohemia, on 28 September 1855, doctorate in medicine from the University of Vienna in 1879. Assistant at the General Hospital of Vienna from that same year, then…

Galician rabbinical scholar born around 1845, died in Vienna after 1880. He is the author of a biography of the tanna Akiba, « Toledot Rabbi 'Aḳibah » (Lemberg, 1871), of the German work « Mohamed…

Considered the greatest Bukharan Jewish singer and musician. Trained by his older brothers, he sang in synagogue from age nine and learned the classical shashmaqam style as well as several…

American rabbi

Belarusian writer

American rabbi

German philologist born in Frankfurt-am-Main on May 21, 1829, died in that city on August 29, 1870, son of Solomon Michael Geiger, older brother of Abraham Geiger. Trained in Hebrew from childhood…

Russian painter born in Shklov on December 10, 1862. Trained at the drawing school of Odessa, he entered in 1878 the Academy of Fine Arts of Saint Petersburg, where he won two silver medals (1881-83)…

Danish literary critic, born Georg Morris Cohen Brandes into a non-observant Jewish family, whose 1871 Copenhagen lectures on the "Modern Breakthrough" (published as Main Currents in Nineteenth…

German philosopher

Hungarian politician, Marxist philosopher and literary critic

Son of Abraham (Adolf) Wertheim, founder in 1875 in Stralsund of a modest textile and manufactured goods business. With his brother Hugo then alone, Georg developed the family business into Germany's…

American writer

Hungarian mathematician

Born Louis-Georges Rothschild into an Alsatian Jewish family that remained French after 1870, he was Clemenceau's close collaborator and then chief of staff. Deputy for the Gironde, Minister of Posts…

Georges Wormser (1888–1978), agrégé of letters, banker and politician, was chief of staff to Georges Clemenceau then his biographer. His work "La République de Clemenceau" (PUF, 1961) is a reference.

Renowned physician, member of the Central Jewish Consistory of France, uncle and father-in-law of Camille Sée. Professor at the Faculty of Medicine in Paris, author of medical works and clinical…

Hungarian dramatist born in Hévizgyörk on October 18, 1856, trained in law at Kassa and Budapest. His first play, « Turi Borcsa », was performed in 1883 at the Budapest People's Theater, where he…

Galician-American Jewish writer, journalist and playwright in Hebrew and Yiddish, founder of the Tageblat (first Yiddish newspaper of Galicia) in Lviv, emigrated to the United States in 1912.

Grandson of Mordekhai Yosef Leiner (Izbica), first « rebbe of Radzyn ». Torah scholar, chemist and linguist, he undertook to restore the tekhelet (blue thread of the tsitsit): after a visit to the…

Nicknamed the "Jewish Caruso," born in Podolia (region of Haisyn, present-day Ukraine) of a cantor father. After Odessa and eight years in Vilna, he became in 1907 cantor of the great synagogue on…

German banker

Journalist, writer and American poet born in Philadelphia on October 18, 1862, employee of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad from 1880 to 1890, where he contributed to ending the railroad strikes…

German physician born in Hamm, Westphalia, on July 19, 1866, trained at the universities of Munich, Rostock, Leipzig and Bonn, where he obtains his doctorate in medicine in 1890. Surgeon in the…

Rabbi and American journalist born in Wilna, Russia, in 1844, died in New York on June 17, 1897. Educated at the rabbinical seminary of his native city and at the University of Saint Petersburg, he…

Lithuanian pedagogue and Hebraist born in Wilna on 4 December 1827, died in that city on 6 December 1891. One of the first students of the rabbinical school of Wilna, he became special agent for…

German writer born on July 31, 1855 in Ostrowo, Prussia, raised in Berlin where he studies philosophy and literature. Literary editor of "Kleine Journal" from 1879 and then of "National Zeitung" from…

Surgeon, first woman surgeon in practice in Scotland.

American animal trainer

Polish rabbi born in Warsaw in 1815, died in that city on September 11, 1878. He directed a yeshiva for forty-two years and became in 1870 rabbi of Warsaw, succeeding R. Bär ben Isaac Meisels, a…

lawyer and Hungarian singing teacher

Bene Israel soldier born in 1804, died in Dhulia, India, on October 14, 1869. Enlisted in the 25th Regiment of indigenous light infantry of Bombay, he participated in the campaign of Sind (1843-45),…

Italian Jewish diplomat and politician (born Giacobbe Isacco Malvano in Turin), Secretary-General of the Italian Foreign Ministry (notably 1896-1907, the longest tenure in Italian history), senator…

Eminent English barrister nicknamed "the Old Fox," from a Jewish family of German origin (Hamburg/Frankfurt) settled in Great Britain in the early nineteenth century; famous for his speeches in cases…

Masoretic scholar and English Christian missionary born in Warsaw on 25 December 1831. Converted in 1846, he devoted himself after 1863 to the study of the Hebrew Bible, publishing editions of the…

Russian lawyer and author born in Minsk in 1866, graduated from the faculty of law of Saint Petersburg University in 1890. Secretary, from 1898 onward, of the Society for the Promotion of Instruction…

Russian scholar, known under the pseudonym Ahad Ha'am, born in Skvira, gubernia of Kiev, on August 5, 1856, in a Hasidic family. Trained in the Talmud then, as a self-taught student, in Russian and…

Italian historian

Spanish scholar born in Girona on November 16, 1839, official chronicler of his native city and member of several learned societies. He publishes « Los Judíos de Gerona » (Girona, 1870), «…

Austrian physician

Eldest son of a wealthy merchant of Padua. Hebrew poet and passionate collector, he assembled one of the most important private Hebrew libraries of the 19th century, enriched by the collection that…

Born in Padua in 1855 to Mosè Da Zara and Carolina Trieste, from a wealthy Jewish family of the Veneto established in the Padua ghetto. Manager of Assicurazioni Generali (1880-1922), president of the…

Born in Mantua in 1840, he studied at the Rabbinical Institute of Padua, where he was one of the last students of Samuel David Luzzatto (Shadal), and was ordained in 1868. Rabbi of Mantua…

Graduate of medicine from the University of Padua, physician of repute nicknamed « the doctor of the poor » for having founded a free dispensary in Venice. President of the Jewish community of Venice…

Italian Jewish poet, playwright and journalist from Venice, active during the Risorgimento era.

Anti-Semitic writer born in Königsberg, Prussia, on January 16, 1834, died in Berlin on March 2, 1892. Already a reputed journalist, he published in 1873 in the « Gartenlaube » a series of articles…

German writer born in Wiesbaden December 15, 1829, who studied history and philosophy at Berlin University from 1853 to 1856 before directing that same year Westermann's « Illustrirte Deutsche…

Austrian traveler and Arabist born on March 15, 1855 in Deutsch-Rust, in Bohemia, trained in mathematics and geodesy in Prague as well as in Arabic as an autodidact. After a first trip to Vienna in…

Austrian jurist and statesman born in Pöstelberg, Bohemia, on March 19, 1831, died in Vienna on December 26, 1886. Trained in Zurich (1849) and in Vienna (1854), he became professor of law there in…

Austrian writer born in Rackschitz, Moravia, on July 7, 1864, who began in literature at sixteen and taught at the School of Dramatic Art of Vienna. Editor of the « Fünfkirchner Zeitung » from 1882…

Physician born in Brakel, Westphalia, on June 18, 1812, died December 22, 1898 in Nice. Doctor of medicine from the University of Berlin (1835), he was the first to describe influenza in an essay…

Dutch jurist and Minister of Justice born in Amsterdam on January 13, 1814, died in Würzburg on June 27, 1882. Judge at the provincial court of North Holland and, from 1848, member of the Second…

Russian pianist and composer born in Wilna on 13 February 1870, child prodigy who toured Russia and Germany from the age of nine. He enters in 1882 the Hochschule für Musik in Berlin, then tours the…

German writer and journalist born in Kempen, Posnania, on January 6, 1843. After studying law in Breslau, he became editor of the "Posener Zeitung" then, in Vienna, one of the editors of the "Neue…

German opera singer born in Brunswick on June 8, 1847, trained at the Leipzig Conservatory (1865-69). After his debut at the Munich court theater, he performed between 1869 and 1883 in Mainz, Bremen,…

Sigismund Goldberger is an Austrian jurist born in Jägerndorf, in Austrian Silesia, on June 15, 1854. Trained at the gymnasium of Troppau then at the University of Vienna, he began practicing law in…

Jacob Semenovich Goldblatt is a Russian painter born in Suwalki in 1860. Trained at the Academy of Fine Arts in Saint Petersburg from 1878 to 1888, he won several prizes there, including the grand…

John Goldenberg is a Russian merchant born on the borders of Russia and Romania, died in 1895. He followed the army in Crimea as a canteen keeper before making a fortune in Burma, where he supervised…

Samuel Löb Goldenberg is an Austrian Hebraist born in Bolechow, Galicia, in 1807, and died in Tarnopol on January 11, 1846. He founded and directed the Hebrew journal Kerem Ḥemed, whose first volume…

Jacob Goldenthal is an Austrian orientalist born in Brody, Galicia, on April 16, 1815, and died in Vienna on December 28, 1868, educated at the University of Leipzig. Director of the Jewish school of…

Abraham Goldfaden is a Yiddish and Hebrew poet, considered the founder of modern Yiddish theater; born in Starokonstantinov, in Russia, on 12 July 1840, he graduated from the rabbinical school of…

Henry Mayer Goldfogle is an American lawyer and politician born in New York on May 23, 1856, admitted to the bar in 1877. Judge of the Municipal Court of New York from 1888, he resigned in 1900 to…

Bernard Goldman is an Austrian politician born in Warsaw on February 20, 1842 and died in Lemberg on March 23, 1901, son of a Hebrew printer. Arrested in a synagogue during the Polish uprising of…

Edwin Ellen Goldmann is a German physician born in Burghersdorp, in the Cape Colony, on November 12, 1862, graduated in medicine in 1888 after studies in Breslau, Freiburg im Breisgau and London. He…

Karl Goldmark is a Hungarian violinist and composer born in Keszthely on May 18, 1830, son of a synagogue cantor. Trained at the Vienna Conservatory and violinist at the Josefstädter Theater from…

Adolph Goldschmidt is a German art historian born in Hamburg on January 15, 1863. After a brief career in business, he devoted himself from 1885 onward to the history of art at the universities of…

Henriette Goldschmidt, née Benas, is a German pioneer of women's emancipation, born in Krotoschin, Prussia, on November 23, 1825, and wife of rabbi A. M. Goldschmidt since 1855. Admitted in 1866 to…

Hermann Goldschmidt is a German painter and astronomer born in Frankfurt am Main on June 17, 1802, and died in Fontainebleau on September 10, 1866. First a history painter established in Paris since…

Hermann Goldschmidt is a German novelist and dramatist born in Frankfurt-am-Main on 18 July 1860. After studying law at Heidelberg, Leipzig and Marburg and then a post as magistrate obtained in 1888,…

Julius Goldschmidt is a German physician born in Mainz on February 12, 1843, doctor of medicine from the University of Giessen in 1866. Established as a practitioner in Madeira, where he founded an…

Lazarus Goldschmidt is a German writer born in Plungiany, in Russian Lithuania, on December 17, 1871, trained at the talmudic school of Slobodka near Kovno before entering the University of Berlin in…

Meïr Aaron Goldschmidt is a Danish writer and political publicist born on October 26, 1819 in Vordingborg and died in Copenhagen on August 15, 1887. Barred from a medical career by Danish religious…

Otto Goldschmidt is a German pianist and composer born in Hamburg on August 21, 1829, trained notably at the Leipzig Conservatory under Mendelssohn and then, in 1848, with Chopin in Paris.…

Siegfried Goldschmidt is a German orientalist born in Cassel on October 29, 1844 and died in Strasbourg on January 31, 1884. Doctor of philosophy in 1867, he specialized in the study of Sama-Veda…

Guido Goldschmiedt is an Austrian chemist born in Trieste on October 5, 1850, educated in Vienna and Heidelberg. Assistant then associate professor at the chemistry laboratory of the University of…

Milton Goldsmith is an American merchant and writer born in Philadelphia 22 May 1861. After studying three years in Zurich beginning in 1877, he subsequently published the novels Rabbi and Priest in…

Édouard Goldstein is a Russian musician born in Odessa in 1851 and died in Leipzig on August 8, 1887. An early pianist, he is sent in 1868 to the Leipzig Conservatory, where he studies under…

Joseph Goldstein is an Austrian cantor and composer born in Kecskemét, Hungary, on March 27, 1836, and died in Vienna on June 17, 1899. Son of a hazzan of Neutra, he succeeded him at the age of…

Michael Youlievitch Goldstein is a Russian chemist born in Odessa in 1853, graduate of the Medico-Surgical Academy of Saint-Petersburg. Doctor of philosophy in 1877, he became assistant in chemistry…

Theodor Goldstücker is a German Sanskritist born in Königsberg, Prussia, on January 18, 1821, and died in London on March 6, 1872. Doctor of philosophy from the University of Königsberg in 1840, he…

Joseph Goldszmidt is a Polish jurist born in Hrubieszów, in the Governorate of Lublin, in 1846, and died in 1896, a graduate of the University of Warsaw. He publishes monographs on famous Polish Jews…

Wilhelm Goldzieher is a Hungarian ophthalmologist born in Köpcsény, near Pressburg, on January 1, 1849, holder of a doctorate in medicine from Vienna on December 25, 1871. Established as an oculist…

Ignaz Goldziher is a Hungarian orientalist born in Stuhlweissenburg on June 22, 1850, doctor of philosophy from Leipzig in 1870. Privatdozent at Budapest University in 1872, he undertook in 1873 a…

Count Nicolas Golitsyne is a Russian writer of the second half of the 19th century, known for his Istoria Russkogo Zakonodatelstva o Yevreïakh ("History of Russian Legislation on Jews"), of which…

Israel Gollancz is a British scholar born in London in 1864, graduate of Cambridge University in 1887. Elected reader in English at Cambridge in 1896, he became in 1902 the first secretary of the…

Hirsch Nissan Golomb is a Russian hebraist and musicographer born in Podzelve, in the government of Wilna, on December 15, 1853, trained at the yeshiva of Wilkomir and in music at Wilna. Proofreader…

Samuel Gompers is an American labor leader born in London on January 27, 1850, who emigrated to the United States in 1863 after having worked from age ten in factories and then as an apprentice…

Lewis Gompertz is an English inventor who died on 2 December 1861, brother of mathematician Benjamin Gompertz. Devoting his life to the cause of animal protection, he expounds his ideas in 1824 in…

Austrian physician born in Vienna on October 6, 1861, graduated in medicine from the University of Vienna in 1885. Assistant at the university hospital from 1885 to 1900, he subsequently established…

Julius, Ritter von Gomperz, is an Austrian merchant and statesman born in Brünn in 1824, brother of Theodor Gomperz. Member of the chamber of commerce of his city from 1859, of which he became…

Jewish rabbi (1878–1973)

Tobias Goodman is an English preacher and author who died after 1824, one of the first to preach in English in the Jewish community of London, serving as reader at the Denmark Court synagogue. He…

Jacob Gordin is a Yiddish dramatist and reformer born on May 1, 1853 in Mirgorod, in the governorate of Poltava. Journalist and Russian-language writer from 1870, he founded in 1879 in Elisavetgrad…

David ben Dob Baer Gordon is a Russian journalist born in Podmeretz, near Wilna, in 1826, and died in Lyck, Prussia, on May 21, 1886. Trained at the yeshiva of Wilna, he leaves Russia for England…

Leon Gordon (Yehouda Leib ben Asher) is a Russian Hebraist writer and poet born in Wilna on December 7, 1831 and died in Saint Petersburg on September 16, 1892. Graduated in 1853 from the rabbinical…

Michel Gordon is a poet in the Judeo-German language and Hebraist writer born in Vilna on November 4, 1823 and died in Kiev on December 26, 1890. His first poem appears in 1846 in a collection…

Samuel Gordon is an English novelist born in Buk, Germany, on September 10, 1871, who arrived in England with his parents in 1883. Appointed secretary of the Great Synagogue of London in 1894, he…

Bernard Gorin, pseudonym of Isaac Goido, is a Yiddish journalist born in Lida, in the government of Wilna, in April 1868, author of two Hebrew short stories published in Warsaw in 1892. Settled in…

James Gotendorf, born James Nathan, is a German-American merchant and man of letters born on February 9, 1811 in Eutin, in Holstein, and died in Hamburg on October 5, 1888. Established in New York in…

American rabbi and historian (1859-1921)

Paul Eduard Gottheil is a German Protestant missionary born in Fraustadt on April 5, 1818 and died in Stuttgart in 1893, brother of Rabbi Gustav Gottheil. Converted to Christianity, he entered in…

William S. Gottheil is an American physician born in Berlin on February 5, 1859, eldest son of rabbi Gustav Gottheil. Graduated from Cornell in 1879 and then doctor of medicine from the College of…

Abraham Gottlieb is a civil engineer and entrepreneur born in Tauss, Bohemia, on June 17, 1837, and died in Chicago on February 9, 1894. Graduate of the University of Prague in 1861, he emigrated to…

Louis Moreau Gottschalk is an American pianist born in New Orleans on May 8, 1829 and died in Rio de Janeiro on December 18, 1869. Trained in Paris from his adolescence, he composed there as a child…

Adolf Gottstein is a German physician born in Breslau on November 2, 1857, doctor of medicine in 1881. Assistant at Breslau hospital until 1883, he then settles in Berlin, where he practices and…

Jacob Gottstein is a German physician born in Lissa, Austria, on November 7, 1832, and died in Breslau on January 10, 1895, doctor of medicine from the university of Breslau in 1856. Specialized in…

Joël Emmanuel Goudsmit is a Dutch jurist born in Leiden on June 13, 1813 and died in that city on March 17, 1882, graduated in law in 1842. Appointed professor of Roman law at the University of…

English novelist, poet and writer on Jewish history and religion

Leo Graetz is a German physicist, son of the historian Heinrich Graetz, born in Breslau on September 26, 1856. Doctor of philosophy from the University of Breslau in 1879, he became privat-docent of…

Jonas Grätzer is a German physician born in Tost, in Upper Silesia, on October 19, 1806, and died in Breslau on November 25, 1889, doctor of medicine from the University of Breslau in 1832. He then…

Born into an Italian-speaking Jewish family in Gorizia (then Austria-Hungary), self-taught, he published « Studii orientali e linguistici » from 1854 onwards. Appointed in 1860 professor at the…

Augusto Graziani is an Italian economist born in Modena on January 6, 1865, doctor of law in 1886. Privatdozent and then assistant professor of political economy at his native university, he became…

Aaron Levy Green is an English rabbi born in London in August 1821 and died on 11 March 1883. Reader at the Great Synagogue from fourteen years old, then minister of worship in Bristol at seventeen,…

Samuel Greenbaum is an American lawyer and magistrate born in London on January 23, 1854, who emigrated to the United States in childhood. He graduated from the College of the City of New York in…

Joseph B. Greenhut is an American soldier born in Germany, enlisted as a private soldier in the 12th Infantry Regiment of Illinois in Chicago in April 1861. He serves in the campaigns of Kentucky and…

Austrian soprano

German translator

Soviet mathematician of Jewish origin, one of the founders of the Leningrad school of real analysis. Author of a three-volume course in differential and integral calculus, which remained a classic…

Abraham Avenirovich Griliches is a Russian engraver born in Wilna in 1852, graduate of the Wilna School of Drawing in 1869 and then of the Academy of Fine Arts of Saint Petersburg in 1876, the year…

Avenir Girschevich Griliches is a Russian engraver born in Wilna in April 1822, father of Abraham Avenirovich Griliches. Self-taught in engraving after Talmudic studies in his youth, he was engaged…

Charles Gross is an American historian born in Troy, in the State of New York, on February 10, 1857, trained at Williams College then at the universities of Paris, Berlin and Göttingen, where he…

Ferdinand Gross is an Austrian writer born in Vienna on April 8, 1849, and died in Kaltenleutgeben, near Vienna, on December 21, 1900. Entering the Extrablatt editorial staff in 1872, he won the…

Jenny Gross is an Austrian actress born in Szántó, Hungary, trained by Cesarina Kupfer. She made her debut in 1878 at the Carltheater in Vienna, performed in 1880 at the Stadttheater then in 1885 at…

Julius Grosser is a German physician born in Freistadt, in Prussian Upper Silesia, on October 25, 1835, and died in Prenzlau, to the day, on October 25, 1901. Doctor of Medicine from the University…

Rudolph Grossman is an American rabbi born in Vienna on July 24, 1867, educated at the University of Cincinnati and the Hebrew Union College. Assistant rabbi of Temple Beth-El in New York from 1889…

Ignácz Grossmann is a Hungarian physicist born at Gönc-Ruszka, in Abaúj county, on February 16, 1823, and died in Budapest on May 21, 1866. Trained in mathematics and pedagogy at the University of…

Ignaz Grossmann was an American rabbi born in Trencsén, Hungary, on July 30, 1825, and died on March 18, 1897 in New York, trained at the yeshiva of Presbourg. Rabbi in Koritschan, Moravia, from…

Louis Grossmann is an American rabbi and author born in Vienna on 24 February 1863, trained at the University of Cincinnati and Hebrew Union College, from a family of rabbis. Rabbi of Temple Beth El…

Ludwig Grossmann is an Austrian mathematician and economist born in Leitomischl, in Bohemia, on March 14, 1854, doctor of philosophy from the University of Vienna in 1878, the year he founded and…

American comedian, member of the Marx Brothers (1890–1977)

Judah Löb Grozovski, son of Isaiah Reuben, is a Russian Hebraist born in Pogosti, in the governorate of Minsk, in 1861, trained at the yeshiva of Volozhin then at the Institute of Hebrew Teachers of…

Joseph Gruber is an Austrian physician born in Kosolup, Bohemia, on August 4, 1827, and died in Vienna on March 31, 1900, doctor of medicine from Vienna University in 1855. Established in Vienna in…

David Gruby is a French physician born in Neusatz (Ujvidék), Hungary, on October 10, 1810, and died in Paris on November 16, 1898. Diploma in medicine from the University of Vienna in 1834, he…

Maurice Grün is a Russian painter born in Reval in 1870. Trained in Munich and Geneva, he went to Paris in 1890, where he became the student of Jules Lefebvre and Benjamin Constant, before directing…

Alfred Grünfeld is an Austrian pianist born in Prague on 4 July 1852, trained in Prague and then at the Academy of Music in Berlin under Kullak. Established in Vienna in 1873, where he received the…

Heinrich Grünfeld is an Austrian cellist born in Prague on 21 April 1855, brother of Alfred Grünfeld. Trained at the Prague Conservatory, he settled in Berlin in 1876, where he taught for several…

Josef Grünfeld is an Austrian physician and author born in Gyönk, in Hungary, on November 19, 1840. Educated at the universities of Budapest from 1861 onward then Vienna, where he obtains his…

Karl Samuel Grünhut is an Austrian jurist born in Saint George in Bur, Hungary, on August 3, 1844. Associate professor at the law faculty of the University of Vienna in 1872, he founded in 1873 a…

Sidonie Grünwald-Zerkowitz, born Zerkowitz, is an Austrian woman of letters born in Tobitschau, Moravia, on February 17, 1852, educated by her physician father. Scholar of King Louis II of Bavaria at…

Enrico Guastalla was an Italian soldier born in Guastalla in 1828 and died in Milan on September 28, 1903. Enlisted as a volunteer in 1848, he participated in the defense of Rome, then joined…

Karl Eduard Gueterbock is a German jurist born in Königsberg, in East Prussia, on April 18, 1830. Graduated in 1851 after studies in history then law in Königsberg, Bonn, Munich and Berlin, he was…

Meyer Guggenheim is an American merchant and mining magnate born in Langenau, Switzerland, in 1828, who emigrated with his father to Philadelphia in 1847, where he began as a peddler before building,…

Randolph Guggenheimer is an American lawyer born in Lynchburg, Virginia, on 20 July 1846. Established in New York in 1865, graduate of the law faculty of New York University in 1869, he specializes…

Gottschalk Eduard Guhrauer is a German philologist and writer born in Bojanowo, in Prussian Poland, in 1809, and died in Breslau on January 5, 1854. Trained in philology and philosophy in Breslau and…

Italian Sephardic Jewish writer and lawyer, born in Ancona, the principal source and chronicler of Judeo-Livornese (Bagitto) literature and folklore, documenting the daily life of the Jews of Livorno…

Born in Venice in a Jewish family (his father was a mathematics professor). Professor at the Politecnico and then at the University of Turin for decades. Known for Fubini's theorem (multiple…

Author of the Storia della tipografia ebraica in Livorno (with introduction and catalogue of works and authors), published in Il Vessillo Israelitico (1911-1912) and released in Turin in 1912. This…

German politician

Ludwig Gumplowicz was a Christian historian and jurist born in Kraków on March 9, 1838, trained at the universities of Kraków and Vienna, where he initially practiced law. Appointed docent in 1876,…

Isidor Gunsberg is a merchant and English chess master born in Budapest on 2 November 1854, settled in England from childhood, where he represents the country in numerous tournaments. In 1885, he…

David Günzburg, baron, is a Russian orientalist and community leader born in Kamenetz-Podolsk July 5, 1857, trained notably by Adolph Neubauer and Senior Sachs, then in Paris and Saint Petersburg,…

Horace Günzburg, baron, is a Russian philanthropist born on February 8, 1833 in Zvenigorodka, in the government of Kiev. Founder in 1863 of the Society for the Promotion of Culture among the Jews of…

Ilya Yakovlevitch Günzburg, son of Meyer Jacob, is a Russian sculptor born in Grodno in May 1859. Spotted in 1870 by sculptor Antokolski, who took him to Saint Petersburg, he studied under him then…

Joseph Yozel ben Gabriel Jacob Günzburg is a Russian financier and philanthropist born in 1812 and died in Paris on January 12, 1878. Enriched during the Crimean War, he founds a bank in Saint…

American rabbi

German archaeologist

Born in Pest in 1851 into a Jewish family of Budapest (parents Moritz Kadelburg and Johanna née Hasenfeld). First an actor, he abandoned the stage in 1894 to write; he became one of the most prolific…

editor and art collector

Chief rabbi of Prague

scientifique, historien, enseignant et patriote italien

Ludwig Güterbock is a German physician born in Berlin on October 23, 1814, doctor of medicine from Berlin University in 1837, and died in his native city on February 28, 1895, where he practices…

Paul Güterbock is a German surgeon born in Berlin on 2 June 1844 and died in that city on 17 October 1897, doctor of medicine from the universities of Würzburg and Berlin in 1865. He practised in…

David von Gutmann is a merchant and Austrian philanthropist born in Leipnik, Moravia, on December 24, 1834, brother of Wilhelm von Gutmann. President of the Israelitische Allianz of Vienna, he worked…

Moïse Gutmann is a Bavarian rabbi born in Baiersdorf in 1805 and died in Redwitz on February 1, 1862, son of Yom-Tob Gutmann. Educated at the university of Erlangen, he is elected rabbi of the…

Wilhelm von Gutmann is an Austrian merchant and philanthropist born in Leipnik, Moravia, on 18 August 1825, and died in Vienna on 17 May 1895. After an initial commercial failure, he turned his…

Paul Guttmann was a German physician and medical author born in Ratibor, Upper Prussian Silesia, on September 9, 1833, and died in Berlin on May 24, 1893, doctorate in medicine in 1858. A…

Samuel Guttmann is a German gynecologist and medical author born in Ostrowo, Prussia, in 1839, and died in Berlin on December 22, 1893, doctorate in medicine from the University of Berlin in 1864.…

Hermann Gutzmann is a German physician born in Bütow, Pomerania, on January 29, 1865, doctor of medicine from the University of Berlin in 1887. Specialist in speech disorders from 1889, he published…

Michael Joseph Guzikov is a Russian musician born in Shklov in 1806 and died in Brussels on October 21, 1837, from a family of talented musicians. A precocious virtuoso on several instruments, he…

Hungarian rabbi (1850 - 1895)

Hungarian rabbi, scholar of religions

Born Leyvik Halpern near Ihumen (Igumen), he adopted the pen name "Leivick" (derived from his first name Leyvi) to avoid confusion with the poet Moyshe-Leyb Halpern. Bund activist, sentenced to hard…

Robert Haas is a German Lutheran pastor active in the first half of the nineteenth century in the duchy of Nassau, friend of Abraham Geiger and defender of the civil equality of Jews. He approves the…

Solomon ben Jekuthiel Haas is a Moravian rabbi of the first half of the 19th century, successively dayyan in Holleschau then rabbi of Strassnitz, in Moravia. He is the author of Kerem Shelomoh,…