XIXth century CE

orientalist and a researcher of the Hebrew language and Islamic literature

Born on July 30, 1892 in Borne, son of a wealthy textile manufacturer (the Jewish industrial family Spanjaard of Borne), he pursued a career as conductor and composer in the Netherlands. Barred from…

French pianist, born in Paris on July 28, 1859, trained from an early age by her father, a cellist at the Conservatory and the Opera. Entered in 1868 at the Conservatory in the class of Henri Herz,…

Chief Rabbi of Bordeaux, born in Landau (Bavaria) in 1807, died in February 1864. A graduate of the Central Rabbinical School of Metz, he directs the Israelite Religious School of Nancy before being…

French art critic, born in Nancy on August 28, 1859. Settled in Paris in 1878, he became art critic then literary critic at "Voltaire" from 1883 onward, secretary of the Academy of Fine Arts, then…

Chief rabbi of Bayonne, born in 1817 in Dürkheim (Bavaria), died in 1887, cousin of David Marx. Trained at the Central Rabbinical School of Metz, he directed the Israelite Religious School of Nancy…

Pseudonym of the Austrian author Moritz Barach, born in Vienna on March 21, 1818, died in Salzburg in 1888. A journalist after leaving the University of Vienna in 1844, he founded several reviews,…

Chief Rabbi (Hakham Bashi) of Cairo 1921–1925, brother of Refael Aharon ben Shimon.

Hebraist author and Russian bookseller, born in Radashkovichi, near Minsk, on 20 February 1829, died in Minsk on 19 November 1897, son of the Talmudist R. Abraham Maskileison. Awakened to neo-Hebrew…

Russian preacher, born in Slutsk (government of Minsk) on June 6, 1856. After rabbinical training at the yeshivah of Mir, he teaches and preaches in Pinsk, then in Yekaterinoslav from 1887 and in…

Senator, author and Italian painter, born in Mantua in 1826. After studying law in Pavia, he took part in the Italian revolution of 1848, before exiling himself to Frankfurt then Paris and…

Russian Hebrew scholar, born in Ujasin (government of Wilna) in 1850. Emigrated to England in the nineties, he settled in Manchester where he opened a printing press, and published several Hebrew…

Rabbi of Meknès, 19th century. Mentioned in 5611 of the Hebrew era (1851). Son of Yitshak, himself son of Yekutiel. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 98-2.

Rabbi of Fès, 19th century. Born in 5566 (1806), died in 5651 (1891) of the Hebrew era. Son of Haim David. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 98-1.

Rabbi of Sefrou, 19th century. Mentioned in 5620 of the Hebrew era (1860). Recorded in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 98-2.

Rabbi, translator and educator

Hungarian rabbi, died around 1807. Thanks to the support of Aaron Chorin, disciple of his father, he became rabbi of Deutschkreuz, near Mattersdorf, and published a commentary on the Eben ha-'Ezer…

Russian Talmud scholar and maskil

Dutch politician

Bavarian financier and philanthropist

French politician

Chief Rabbi of Constantine then of Algiers, historian and onomastician of the Jews of North Africa.

French banker

Brothers of German origin (Frankfurt) established in Paris, bankers, they constituted at the end of the 19th century two of the most important art collections in France (17th-century Dutch painting:…

French rabbi

From a Jewish family in Cairo, he began as a bank employee and became chief cashier of the Crédit Foncier d'Égypte, while running from 1890 one of the most important Egyptian antiquities galleries of…

Swedish writer and rabbi

Theater director, born in Agen on May 29, 1805, died in Hamburg on January 27, 1896, of French origin. He took the direction of a small hall in Hamburg in 1831, replaced after the great fire of 1842…

Italian colonial governor (1878-1941)

Austrian poet, novelist and satirist, born in Horitz (Bohemia) on November 22, 1849. After nominally legal but philosophically devoted studies, he publishes in 1871 a collection of sonnets, « Die…

Austrian ophthalmologist, born in Prague on April 13, 1840, died in Vienna on October 20, 1894, doctor of the University of Vienna (1861). Private lecturer in ophthalmology from 1864, he became…

German writer and journalist, born in Budapest November 13, 1824, died in Baden, near Vienna, July 2, 1889. Trained in Vienna then in Prague, where he published his first poems in 1843, he abandoned…

Croatian rabbi

German lawyer

Galician Jewish writer, educator and Zionist labor movement leader, director of Education and Culture during Jewish autonomy in western Ukraine (1918-19).

German-British mathematician and physicist, Nobel laureate in physics

Prague writer and journalist of German language

German rabbi, philologist and opinion journalist (1875–1939)

Polish-American businessman and aesthetician (born Faktorowicz), founder of the cosmetics company Max Factor & Company, pioneer of the modern cosmetics industry in the United States.

German rabbi

Danish Rabbi (1884-1947)

German historian

rabbi and folklorist (1871–1953)

German gynecologist-obstetrician

Austrian composer

Russian-American Conservative Judaism Rabbi (1895-1980)

Peruvian physician of German-Polish origin

American rabbi (1845-1927)

Member of the Lazard family, economist and sociologist, specialist in unemployment issues (he was one of the leaders of the International Association for the Fight Against Unemployment).

rabbin américain

German politician

German philologist and theologian

German writer

Russian linguist

German banker (1850-1940)

Dutch impresario (1872-1943)

Russian-American linguist specializing in Yiddish, he was in 1925 one of the cofounders (with Nochum Shtif, Elias Tcherikower, and Zalman Reisen) of YIVO (Yiddish Scientific Institute). He directed…

Romanian rabbi

American merchant and banker, born in Worms on September 23, 1823, died at Dobbs Ferry (New York) on July 22, 1897. Having emigrated to the United States in 1840, he founded a business in Shreveport…

Member of the House of Representatives of the United States, born in Brooklyn (New York) on July 10, 1871, trained at the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute and the law school of Columbia. He serves in…

Rabbi in Berlin, born in Miskolcz (Hungary) on 29 April 1844, trained at the yeshivot of Eisenstadt and Pressburg and then at the university and theological seminary of Breslau (doctorate, Halle,…

French military surgeon

French rabbi and lexicographer

Belgian physician, born in Düsseldorf on July 10, 1816, died in Antwerp on March 1, 1899. Doctor in medicine from Bonn (1839), he settled in Antwerp in 1848, where he practiced until his death,…

French painter, born in Besançon on 4 October 1832, student of the École des Beaux-Arts and of Léon Cogniet in Paris. Left for America in 1857 and settled in New York, where he became associate of…

American caricaturist, born in Worms on July 18, 1868, son of a Jewish merchant from London, raised in Worms. Left for Mexico in 1885 and then for Texas, where he discovered his talent for drawing as…

German rabbi, born in Dürkheim-on-the-Hardt on December 16, 1821, died in New York on August 28, 1867. After studying law in Munich, he emigrated to America during the 1848 revolution, taught in New…

Rabbi and German jurist, born in Hechingen on January 3, 1807, died in the same city on August 1, 1875. Trained in the Talmud Torah locally, then in Mannheim (1823) and Würzburg (1826), where he…

Austrian physician, born in Bechtheim (Hesse-on-the-Rhine) on December 27, 1842, doctor of the universities of Heidelberg, Giessen and Tübingen (1865), then privat-docent in Vienna from 1869. Settled…

Talmudic scholar of Smyrna, died in 1810. He authored the "Sefer Shorashe ha-Yam," a commentary on the Yad ha-Ḥazaḳah in three volumes (Salonica, 1806-15), the "Darke ha-Yam," a collection of…

Palestinian rabbinic author, born in Jerusalem in 1833, son of Rabbi Raphaël Éliahou Medini. After receiving his rabbinical diploma in his native city, he sits on the rabbinical court of…

German rabbi

Dutch teacher, rabbi and writer (1882-1943)

Famous Galician Torah scholar

former Chief Rabbi of Shanghai

Rabbi of numerous communities in pre-World War II Europe/one of the founders of the Telz Yeshiva

President:Jewish court/Koło/author of "Imrei Bina"

Israeli rabbi

Mashgiach of the Hebron Yeshiva and a leading mussar disseminator in the 20th century

Polish rabbi

Austrian Jewish theologian

Son of Rabbi Eliezer of Dzikov (himself son of Naftali Zvi of Ropshitz), he was appointed rav of Dzikov during his father's lifetime and then succeeded him as rebbe, developing the court…

Son of Rabbi Mordechai of Nadvorna (Mordechai Leifer, who adopted the name Rosenbaum), he was the first rebbe of the Kretshnif dynasty, a branch of Nadvorna. He was the only one authorized by his…

Rabbi of Sefrou, nineteenth century. Mentioned in 5575 of the Hebrew era (1815). Recorded in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 80-4.

Rabbi (1850–1933)

Meir Simcha HaCohen de Dvinsk (1843-1926), dit « Or Sameach », prit la tête de la communauté non hassidique de Dvinsk en 1887. Il est l'auteur de deux œuvres majeures : le commentaire « Or Sameach »…

Rabbi of Dvinsk, author of Or Sameach and the commentary Meshekh Hokhma on the Torah.

Rabbi of Meknès, 19th century. Mentioned in 5561 of the Hebrew era (1801). Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 81-1.

Ostrowcier Rebbe

Founder of Buksvak hasidism

Russian Hebraist author, born in Sadi (government of Kovno) in 1848. He begins his literary career in 1861 with the weekly « Ha-Karmel » and publishes or edits more than a hundred works in Yiddish…

Danish merchant, born in Copenhagen on June 22, 1816, died in the same city on September 19, 1884. Having entered the house Moses & Son G. Melchior founded by his grandfather, he ensures its…

Danish physician, born in Copenhagen August 2, 1811, died in the same city January 30, 1872, brother of Moritz G. and Moses Melchior. Graduated from the University of Copenhagen in 1835, he…

Expressionist Yiddish poet, member of Di Khalyastre in Warsaw.

German writer (pseudonym of Martin Cohn), born in Berlin on April 15, 1831, died in Summerdale, near Chicago, on July 22, 1894. After studies in Berlin, he enlisted in 1848 in the Foreign Legion in…

English author, born in 1874. He publishes notably « Life of Thackeray » (1899), « Thackeray's Stray Papers » (1902) and an introduction to Thackeray's work (1903-4), and collaborates with several…

Israeli rabbi

(1894~1895 - 1942~1943)

Galician author of compilations of stories about the tsaddiqim, including "Sefer Mifʻalot ha-Tsadikim" (stories of miracles from the Baal Shem Tov and his disciples to his own time) and "Seder…

Poet of the Hovevei Zion, moved from maskilism to Zionism, emigrated to the United States.

Rebbe in Buhusi, Romania

Romanian rabbi

Born in 1830 in Kosiv, son of R. Chaïm Hager of Kosiv and son-in-law of R. Israël Friedman of Ruzhyn. Appointed rebbe at age 24, he settled in Vyzhnytsia and there founded the Hasidic court of…

Rabbi first active near Cracow, he emigrated to Germany in 1928 and became rabbi-dayyan in Frankfurt-am-Main. A renowned decisioner, he authored the collection of responsa « Menachem Meshiv ». The…

Son of the rebbe Mordechai Twersky of Chernobyl (himself son of the Meor Einayim), he founded the Hasidic branch/court of Makarov, a branch of the Chernobyl dynasty. His descendants perpetuated the…

Polish Hasidic Rabbi

Rabbi, 19th century. Mentioned in 5588 of the Hebrew era (1828). Son of Makhluf. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 84-2.

Yiddish poet and essayist connected to the Di Yunge group in New York.

Lithuanian Talmudist, born in Wilna, died in Minsk on December 23, 1816. Trained by Solomon of Vilkomir, he became head of the yeshiva of Minsk and wrote, while still young, a commentary on the…

Hasidic master known for his radical pursuit of truth and his severity, founder of the Kotzk dynasty. He spent his last twenty years in seclusion.

Third Rebbe of Chabad, prolific halakhic authority and thinker, author of responsa and Hasidic works. He defended the Jews of Russia against the tsarist power.

Israeli rabbi of Polish origin

Hasidic rabbi from Romania

rabbi

Iraqi businessman, landowner, philanthropist and politician (1846–1940)

Iranian rabbi

Born Rabinowitz in Pereyaslav (Ukraine), he studied at the Leipzig Conservatory and emigrated to Palestine in 1924. Music educator, choral organizer and music critic for the daily newspaper Davar…

German rabbi

American rabbi

German physician, born in Bunzlau (Silesia) on October 28, 1839, doctor of the universities of Breslau, Vienna and Berlin (1860). He directed from 1861 a private asylum near Berlin, served as surgeon…

Bavarian actress, born July 31, 1833, died in Munich on November 12, 1891, renowned for her beauty and theatrical talent. Made baroness of Wallersee on May 19, 1859, she married on May 28 following…

Music editor and writer, born in Halle on August 6, 1834, died in Berlin on October 26, 1876. Entering in 1853 the Berlin publishing house Schlesinger then Bote & Bock, he founded in 1862 his own…

Called "the grandfather" of modern Yiddish and Hebrew literature, born Sholem Yaakov Abramovitch. His satires depicted shtetl life.

Russian teacher and writer, born in Hodava (Russian Poland) in 1819, died in Warsaw in March 1897. Trained in Talmud in Tomaszów under the influence of Phinées-Mendel Heilprin, he was appointed in…

German author, born in Jever September 10, 1817, died in Hamburg April 4, 1856. Entered in 1831 as an apprentice in a printing house in Brunswick, where he remained until 1839, he then devoted…

German physician, born in Posen on December 16, 1860, doctor of the universities of Leipzig and Berlin (1885). Settled in Berlin as an assistant at the first medical clinic then at the Charité…

German Hebraicist and writer of the 18th and 19th centuries, born in Hamburg, where he died at an advanced age in 1861, relative of Samson Raphael Hirsch. Private scholar in his native city, he…

Polish physiologist and physician, born in Warsaw in 1855. Trained at the University of Warsaw, he received his doctorate from the University of Kharkov in 1884, worked from 1876 to 1887 in various…

Hebraist and German writer born in Hamburg and died in that city at an advanced age in 1861, relative of Samson Raphael Hirsch, Moses Mendelson lived as a private scholar in his native city; he…

French poet, dramatist and art critic, born in Bordeaux on 22 May 1841. Settled in Paris in 1859, he founded the « Revue Fantaisiste » in 1861 then the « Parnasse » in 1864, and has published since…

Dutch philologist, born in Amsterdam on May 16, 1851, entered the Athenaeum of Amsterdam in 1867 to study classical philology, before a gymnastics accident worsened his deafness and forced him to…

English politician, born in 1866, educated at Harrow School and University College, Oxford. Admitted to the bar of the Inner Temple in London in 1888, he failed in the elections of the Isle of Wight…

Russian Hebraist economist, born in Moghilev-on-the-Dnieper in 1842, the first Hebrew author to address economic issues affecting the Jewish masses of Russia. Having left around 1862 for Germany,…

Anglo-American actress and writer, born June 15, 1835 in Milneburg (Louisiana), died in Paris August 10, 1868. Wife as of August 1856 of Alexander Isaacs Menken, whose Judaism she publicly embraced,…

German banker, born in 1812 in Baiersdorf, near Erlangen, died on June 4, 1885 in Munich. Initially intended for the rabbinate, he settles as a banker in Munich after a failure in Ansbach, and…

Galician talmudist, died in Lemberg on 25 September 1809. Rabbi first in Żurawno, then called to Koretz to succeed his brother Isaac, he later serves in Bolechów and then in Lemberg; his talmudic…

Israeli rabbi

Rabbi in Tlemcen in the mid-19th century. He left Talmudic commentaries that his descendants published under the title « Avi Sha'ar Shalom ».

Rabbi of Tafilalet, active in the seventh century of the Hebrew era (1840–1939). Son of Yaakov. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 86-1.

Rabbi of Meknès, nineteenth century. Mentioned in 5562 of the Hebrew era (1802). Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 85-1.

Rabbi of Fes, 19th century. Mentioned in 5580 of the Hebrew era (1820). Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 85-2.

Rabbi of Agourai, 19th century. Died in 5586 of the Hebrew era (1826). Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 85-1.

Rabbi of Marrakech, nineteenth century. Died in 5633 of the Hebrew era (1873). Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 85-3.

Rabbi of Fès, 19th century. Mentioned in 5561 of the Hebrew era (1801). Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 84-3.

Originally from Tangier, merchant and journalist; he collaborated with several French and Spanish newspapers as well as the editorial work of "España," the great Spanish encyclopedia.

Rabbi of Fès, 19th century. Mentioned in 5577 of the Hebrew calendar (1817). Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 85-2.

Rabbi of Demnate, 19th century. Mentioned in 5594 of the Hebrew era (1834). Son of Yosef. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 85-1.

Rabbi of Sefrou, 19th century. Mentioned in 5575 of the Hebrew era (1815). Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 85-3.

Rabbi of Marrakech, nineteenth century. Mentioned in 5641 of the Hebrew era (1881). Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 85-2.

Rabbi, 19th century. Mentioned in 5562 of the Hebrew era (1802). Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 86-2.

Rabbi of Marrakech, active in the 7th century of the Hebrew era (1840–1939). Recorded in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 86-1.

German scholar, active in Hamburg in the first half of the 19th century. He compiled the catalog of the library of David Oppenheimer, "Ḳehillat Dawid" (translated into Latin, Hamburg, 1826; index…

Austrian contralto, born in Theresienstadt (Bohemia) on August 31, 1853, educated at the Conservatory of Prague. Engaged in 1875 at the Stadttheater in Leipzig on invitation of Friedrich Hasse, she…

Romanian historian

German rabbi, historian (1829-1905)

Lerner, Meyer (1857–1930), rabbi

German legal scholar and notary

Member of the United States Congress, born in New Orleans on 19 October 1842. Enlisted in 1862 in the Confederate army, where he served until the end of the war, he then devoted himself to the sugar…

Danish tenor, born on October 29, 1839 in Sorø (Zealand). Entered in 1860 in the choir of the Royal Theatre of Copenhagen, he is called to arms during the war between Denmark and Germany in 1864,…

American writer, born in New York on February 19, 1867. Published young in several American journals, she married in 1887 Dr. Alfred Meyer and notably published the novel « Robert Annys, Poor Priest…

Danish journalist and author, born on August 6, 1813 in Copenhagen, died in the same city on August 4, 1880, son of very poor parents raised in a Jewish charitable institution. Apprentice wood turner…

Danish physician, born in Copenhagen on November 1, 1852, doctor of his university (1880). After a study stay abroad in obstetrics, he became privatdozent in gynecology and then, in 1897, professor…

German psychiatrist, born in Bielefeld on December 27, 1827, died in Göttingen on February 8, 1900, doctor of Berlin (1852). Chief physician of Hamburg hospital from 1856, he became in 1866 professor…

German astronomer, born in Brunswick on February 15, 1853. After abandoning the book trade for astronomy, trained in Göttingen, Leipzig and Zurich, he became privat-docent in Zurich in 1876, joined…

German physician, born in Berlin on November 10, 1821, died in the same city on October 30, 1893, doctor of medicine (1844). Established in Berlin in 1845, specialist in nervous diseases and…

German woman of letters, born in Danzig on March 11, 1806, died in Berlin on February 8, 1874. After marrying the widower of her deceased sister, she devoted herself to charity and teaching while…

German rabbi, born in Hanover on February 26, 1819, died in the same city on July 5, 1882, educated in Talmud and at the University of Bonn. Appointed in 1845 rabbi of the Hanover and Luneburg…

German chemist, born in Berlin on September 8, 1848, died in Heidelberg in 1897. Trained in Berlin and then in Heidelberg from 1865 onwards under Bunsen, whose private assistant he became, he was…

Romanian Rabbi

Hungarian deputy and journalist, born in Sátoraljaújhely in May 1851, trained in law and philosophy at Budapest University. Journalist from his studies, he founded in 1874 the « Egyetértés », organ…

Hungarian jurist and deputy, born in Sátoraljaújhely on January 17, 1836. A law student in Budapest, he advocates from his youth for the restoration of the Hungarian constitution and the emancipation…

Hungarian jurist and author, born in Ácsád on February 5, 1860, first destined for the rabbinate before turning to law and being admitted to the Budapest bar, while remaining an active defender of…

Beni-Israel soldier, enlisted in the 19th regiment of native infantry on January 15, 1849, promoted jemadar on October 1, 1861 then subahdar on January 1, 1870. He fought in Punjab and Multan, as…

Lyric poet (Mikhal), one of the greatest of the Haskala, died at age 24.

Descendant of a lineage of Hasidic rabbis (his father was rabbi of Medjybij), he became one of the major voices of modern Hebrew literature. Journalist and Nietzschean thinker calling for a…

Born Goldwasser (Goldvasser) in Konin in 1821, he left Poland in 1837, lived in Paris and then in London where he anglicized his name to « Goldwater » and married Sarah Nathan (1850). Emigrated to…

German philologist (1834-1897)

orientalist, Bible translator, translator (1833-1910)

Hungarian rabbi

French Zionist

New Zealand chief justice (1873-1950)

Lithuanian lawyer

Prussian rabbi (1808-1864)

German laryngologist, born in Hamburg on November 16, 1848, died in the same city on January 7, 1897, doctor of medicine (1873). Assistant at the throat and ear dispensaries of the University of…

German painter, born in Hamburg on March 23, 1823, died in Berlin on March 24, 1891. Trained at the Academy of Fine Arts in Dresden then in Paris and during a long stay in Rome and Venice, he…

American merchant and capitalist, born August 15, 1862, in Jefferson (Georgia). Graduated with honors from the University of Georgia, he made his fortune in the cloth trade in Athens with his brother…

French banker

After taking drawing classes at the Academy of Venice, he opened in 1870 the first Venetian lace renovation workshop near St. Mark's Square, then schools in Burano, Pellestrina and Chioggia employing…

American physicist, born in Strelno (Prussia) on 19 December 1852, raised in San Francisco. Graduated from the Naval Academy at Annapolis (1873), he studied in Berlin then in Heidelberg until 1881,…