18th century
"Viva Maria" troubles in Tuscany
1799·Florence, Livourne
The toll is reproduced exactly as the source states it — never rounded, never added to another. Tolls overlap from one event to the next.
ghettos given over to pillage at the passage of insurgents and Austrian troops
The "Viva Maria" movement, born in Tuscany in the wake of the departure of French troops and carried forward by the Aretine insurgents and then by the Austrian columns, turned against the Jews, who were held to be accomplices of the occupiers who had emancipated them. In Florence, the ghetto was invaded and looted; in Livorno, where the Jews had lived for two centuries without a ghetto under the regime of the Livornine, the Jewish quarter was attacked and its shops ransacked. The municipal authorities, and in Livorno the garrison, eventually restored order. The damage was largely material, but the episode marked the end of the illusion that the emancipation brought by the armies would survive their departure.
- Period :
- 18th century
- Type :
- Pogrom
- Region :
- Western Europe
- Country :
- Italie
Attilio Milano, *Storia degli ebrei in Italia* ; Francesca Trivellato, *The Familiarity of Strangers* ; *Encyclopaedia Judaica*, articles « Florence » et « Leghorn ».