XIXth century CE

Russian economist born in Odessa in 1853, member of the famous family of bankers of that name. Trained in economics and diplomacy in Paris and Bonn, he became personal secretary to Count Shuvalov in…

Rabbi of Fez, 19th century. Died in 5608 of the Hebrew era (1848). Recorded in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 105-1.

Rabbi and judge in Séfrou, died in 1891. Author, in collaboration with his friend Abraham Hlimi, of the work Va-Yuggad le-Abraham. His son Abner Jiani was also rabbi in Séfrou (19th-20th centuries)…

Prolific Sephardi rabbi, interim chief rabbi of Smyrna.

Rabbi of Sefrou, 19th century. Died in 5651 of the Hebrew calendar (1891). Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 105-1.

Turkish rabbi and writer, he lived and died in Smyrna in 1828. He is the author of a Hebrew work, « Har ha-Mor » (Salonika, 1835), a collection of sermons and dissertations on Maimonides.

médecin allemand (1870-1953)

German woman of letters, hostess of a famous Berlin literary salon. Her correspondence was the subject of a celebrated study by Hannah Arendt.

Austrian author born in Maryampol, Austrian Galicia, in December 1855, trained in Talmud by his father, a rabbi. Assiduous contributor to the Hebrew press, particularly « Ha-Ẓefirah », from 1872…

Born in Cairo in the Jewish family Harari (son of Sir Victor Harari Pasha, high financier of the Kingdom of Egypt, and Emma Aghion). Collector and scholar of Islamic art — his name remains attached…

English financier born in Hesse-Cassel around 1830 and died in Liverpool in April 1887. Member of the Liverpool Stock Exchange, he became one of the world's greatest cotton speculators before going…

Hungarian psychiatrist born in Raab on January 3, 1870, doctor of medicine from the University of Budapest in 1894, where he became assistant at the psychiatric clinic before founding, in 1899, a…

American physician born in Cincinnati, Ohio, on May 26, 1853, M.D. from the Medical College of Ohio in 1874, then trained in surgery at Würzburg, Vienna, Berlin, Paris and London (FRCS, 1877).…

Born in Meknès, dayan and Av Beth Din of Meknès, posek and paytan; author of a Kitsour Choulhan Aroukh.

German rabbi (1881-1932)

The Jewish Encyclopedia cites him in the list of rabbis who served in Corfu. The De Semo surname appears explicitly among the great Jewish families of Corfu. The family, of Corfiot rite, moved into…

Members of a Sephardi Jewish family established in Egypt. Raphaël Suarès was vice-president of the Egyptian Land Credit Company (1880-1909) and co-founded, with Sir Ernest Cassel, the National Bank…

rabbi (1804–1893)

Rabbi-judge, poet and kabbalist of Sefrou, author of Halakhah le-Moshe and Eden Mikedem.

Writer and rabbi (1835–1888)

Son of Louis-Raphaël Bischoffsheim, he was a banker, politician (deputy for the Alpes-Maritimes) and above all a great scientific patron: he financed and had built the Nice Observatory, which he…

English soldier born in London in 1870 and died at Spion Kop, in Natal, on January 24, 1900, son of George C. Raphael, trained at Wellington College. Enlisted in the Rifle Brigade in 1889, he…

English banker and economist born in London in 1832 and died in Newmarket on May 11, 1899, son of Louis Raphael. Principal partner in the banking house R. Raphael & Sons, he testified before several…

American lawyer and journalist born in 1845 in Fürth, Bavaria, where he is trained. Emigrated to the United States in 1866, he becomes a reporter for the « Freiheitsfreund » in Pittsburgh, then, the…

Austrian violinist born in Vienna on February 21, 1839, trained at the Vienna Conservatoire. Member of the orchestra of the Vienna Court Opera from 1854 to 1861, he was then orchestral conductor in…

Polish immigrant to Argentina (1900-1935)

German poet died in Breslau on April 12, 1836, author of the drama « Yosef we-Asenat » (1817), the epic poem « Ḥayye Shimshon » (1824) and the collection of poems and proverbs « Ṭal Yaldut » (1835).

French convert to Catholicism, brother of Marie-Théodore Ratisbonne, born in Strasbourg on May 1, 1812 and died in Jerusalem on May 6, 1884. After legal studies, he abjured the Jewish faith in Rome…

French convert to Catholicism, born in Strasbourg on December 18, 1802 and died in Paris on January 10, 1884, son of the president of the Israelite consistory of Strasbourg. A lawyer until his…

Russian Talmudist born in Wilna around 1845, author of the « Mebo la-Seder 'Olam Rabbah », on the historical work of Joseph ben Ḥalafta (Wilna, 1894), a critical edition of the « Seder 'Olam Rabbah »…

Russian mathematician born in Shklov in 1857, author of articles on mathematics and astronomy in various journals. He published "Mishpaṭ Emet" (Saint Petersburg, 1884), a critique of the pamphlets of…

American mining engineer born in Frankfurt-on-the-Main on June 7, 1838 and died in New York on September 9, 1904, trained at Heidelberg and Fribourg. Entered the mining industry in 1861, he bought in…

Born in Bukhara in 1854, he became the chief rabbi of the Bukharan community of Jerusalem. He wrote a halakhic work, Likutei Dinim, in the vein of the Ben Ish Haï, published from 1900 in several…

German rabbi born in Breslau on August 19, 1846, trained at the Jewish theological seminary and at the university of his native city (doctorate in 1873). He successively held the rabbinates of Kempen…

Russian author born on August 14, 1845 in Odessa, whose first literary essays appeared in « Ha-Ḳol » before he became a regular contributor to the Hebrew press. In 1887, he published with Krankenfeld…

Intellectual figure of 20th-century Algerian Judaism. Author of "Jewish Writings – Algerian Jews and Public Life" (Algiers, 1957, posthumous) and scholarly articles.

French statesman born in Paris on February 26, 1841 and died on January 28, 1903. Son of a merchant, he founded in 1862 the Astruc and Raynal firm in Bordeaux, where he befriended Gambetta, before…

American Senator born in Baltimore, Maryland, on April 11, 1850, trained at the University of Virginia (1866–70) and then admitted to the bar. Elected Democrat to the Maryland Assembly in 1878, he…

Merchant and financier born in Oberelzbach, Bavaria, on September 23, 1822, and died in Baltimore on March 1, 1899. Emigrated to the United States in 1840, he settled in Baltimore where he made a…

Jewish-Indian writer and educator (1889-1957)

Polish copper engraver born in Lask, in the government of Piotrków, in 1840, and died in Berlin on November 7, 1884. Trained in Breslau then at the school of fine arts of Warsaw, he completes his…

German pedagogue born in Hamburg on 16 November 1815 and died on 13 January 1891, trained in Kiel where he writes two works on ethics and duty. Appointed teacher at the Freischule israélite of…

Danish editor and politician born in Aarhus, in Jutland, on 18 July 1813, and died in that city on 13 November 1868, son of Hartvig Philip Ree. After studying law, he became in 1838 editor-in-chief…

Merchant and Danish political publicist born in Aarhus, in Jutland, on June 1, 1817, and died in Copenhagen on September 3, 1874, son of Hartvig Philip Ree. He founded in 1842 a wholesale trading…

English actress born in London around 1870, from a theatrical family, her father having belonged to troupes that counted Toole and Irving among their members. She appeared on stage from the age of…

Chief Rabbi (Hakham Bashi) of Cairo 1891–1921; author of Touv Mitzrayim and Nehar Mitzrayim.

Rosh yeshiva of Kamenitz and then of Torah Vodaas and Beth Medrash Elyon, son-in-law of Baruch Ber Leibowitz.

Belarusian rabbi

Italian rabbi born in Ferrare in 1808 and died in that city on 23 September 1870, son of Zaccaria Reggio, chief rabbi of Ferrare, whom he succeeded upon his death after teaching from the age of…

Biochemist, designed an early pregnancy test based on urinary histidine.

War correspondent journalist and French officer, author of military narratives (Russo-Japanese War, operations in Morocco).

Austrian opinion journalist (1847-1939)

Hungarian lawyer and deputy born in Baja on June 25, 1871, educated at the universities of Budapest, Berlin and Paris. Admitted to the bar in Baja, he was elected to the Hungarian Parliament by that…

Hungarian teacher and author born in Zsámbék in 1821 and died in Budapest on April 18, 1887. Educated by his father, a community notary, and at the yeshiva of Grosswardein and in Arad under the…

German writer born in Rokytnice, in Bohemia, on April 20, 1831, and died in that city on March 26, 1857, son of a shohet and hazzan of modest means. Trained at the gymnasiums of Reichenau and Prague,…

German industrialist and politician born in Bernburg on 3 May 1814 and died in Berlin on 26 January 1868. Entered his father's enterprise at fourteen years old, transferred from Magdeburg to Berlin,…

German mezzo-soprano born in Munich on July 15, 1853 and died in Trieste on June 2, 1883, daughter of baritone August Kindermann. Trained at the piano by her mother then in singing by her father at…

Austrian actor born on July 18, 1849 in Bochnia. After difficult beginnings in Tyrnau and a first unhappy marriage with soprano Hedwig Reicher-Kindermann, he experiences a new flourishing after his…

Hebrew grammarian born in Wilna on October 5, 1827 and died in New York on April 3, 1903. Teaching Hebrew in Wilna after studies in Talmud and European languages, he emigrated around 1890 to New…

Galician poet born in Mościska in 1802 and died in 1859, initially marked by the school of the Me'assefim before detaching himself from it under the influence of Tobias Feder. Feared by fanatics for…

Russian author and philosopher born on April 7, 1818 in Lagów, near Opatów, in Russian Poland, and died in Szczebrzeszyn on October 13, 1895. Trained in the Talmud under several rabbis of Opatów in…

Russian rabbi, founder of the Orthodox Zionist movement « Mizrahi », born in Karlin, in the governorate of Minsk, on October 27, 1839. Trained at the yeshiva of Volozhin from 1855, he became rabbi of…

Russian scholar and author born in Lida, where his father R. Isaac Jacob Reines was rabbi, in 1870, and died in that same town on 7 March 1891. He is the author of « Ruaḥ ha-Zeman », materials for…

Member of the bet din of London, born in Vilkoviškis, Poland, in 1818, and died in London on May 17, 1893. Appointed rabbi of his native city at twenty-eight, a position he held for thirty years, he…

French jurist born in Ichenhausen, Bavaria, on June 18, 1836, trained at the Collège Sainte-Anne in Augsburg and, after talmudic studies under Abraham Geiger in Breslau, in law at Munich and…

German physician, born in Berlin on May 26, 1849, son of Robert Remak. Trained in several German universities, he obtained his doctorate in 1870 and took part the same year in the Franco-Prussian…

German physician born in Posen on 26 July 1815 and died in Kissingen on 29 August 1865. Trained in medicine at the University of Berlin, where he graduated in 1838 and settled, he became an assistant…

Hungarian violinist born in Eged, Hungary, in 1830, and died in New York on May 15, 1898. Trained under Böhm at the Vienna Conservatory from 1842 to 1845, he was banished from Austria after the…

Semitist and French thinker born in Tréguier on February 23, 1823 and died in Paris on October 2, 1892. Initially destined for the priesthood, he turns away from it in 1842 after studying German…

French lawyer, jurist, politician and Resistance member (1887-1976)

(1899–1977) classical pianist; piano teacher

Hungarian mathematician born in Nagykőrös on November 3, 1846, trained in Budapest, Vienna, Göttingen and Heidelberg. Professor of mathematics and theoretical physics at the University of Kolozsvár…

Rabbi, nineteenth century. Mentioned in 5611 of the Hebrew era (1851). Recorded in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 104-4.

Hebrew realist novelist (Ha-Dat ve-ha-Hayyim), Zionist publicist.

Trained in law in Baghdad and Constantinople, he served as judge in various Iraqi courts. From 1924, he represented several terms the Jews of Iraq in Parliament and supported the Zionist organization…

First modern Hebrew biographer and critic, founded Mi-Mizrah u-mi-Ma'arav.

Rabbi of Debdou, nineteenth century. Mentioned in 5600 of the Hebrew era (1840). Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 104-4.

Rabbi of Fès, nineteenth century. Mentioned in 5616 of the Hebrew era (1856). Son of Yehoshua II, himself son of Matatiah I. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 104-3.

Yiddish poet and critic, cofounder of the Di Yunge group in 1907.

Rabbi of Fez, 19th century. Died in 5638 of the Hebrew era (1878). Son of Yehoshua III. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 104-4.

American lawyer

Protestant theologian born in Strasbourg on July 18, 1804 and died in that city on April 15, 1891. Trained in oriental languages by Gesenius at Halle and by Silvestre de Sacy in Paris, he became a…

Israeli rabbi and writer

Rabbinic leader

Israeli politician

Israeli rabbi

Hungarian deputy born in Eperies in 1860, trained at the universities of Budapest and Leipzig. Entered in 1880 the publishing house founded by his father in 1869, the Révai Brothers, he directs its…

German sculptor born March 26, 1853 in Oberlahnstein, in Prussia, and died in Berlin on October 2, 1900. After a commercial career that took him to San Francisco and then Hamburg, he retired to…

Italian economist (1862-1944)

Czech rabbi

German geneticist and embryologist (1878-1958)

American Jewish orientalist and Zionist

German political figure

English physician and friend of the Jews, born in Somersby in 1828 and died in London on November 21, 1896. Doctor of medicine in 1854, he was knighted in 1893; impelled by his origins and…

American educator born in New York on October 12, 1855, trained in New York public schools and then at Normal College. Director of public school no. 77 from 1884 to 1903, the year she becomes the…

Russian rabbi and commentator born on February 7, 1845, in Kobrin, in the governorate of Grodno. Successive rabbi of Izbalin (1868), Bobruysk (1876), Vilna (1881), Polotsk (1883), Vilkomir (1887),…

Rabbi and German historian born in Dresden on July 4, 1870, trained in Dresden and at the universities of Breslau (doctorate in 1894) and Berlin. Rabbi in Potsdam from 1896 to 1902, he was…

Nineteenth-century traveler died in Vienna around 1873. Wealthy merchant who had invested in Siam, he lost his entire fortune when the British government seized his property during the English war in…

American electrical engineer born in Randegg, Baden, on January 16, 1862, taken to America at the age of three. Trained in Baltimore and New York, he became a telegraph operator in 1876 and worked…

German novelist, lyric poet and dramatist born on August 4, 1817 in Zauditz, Silesia, and died on March 28, 1901 in Berlin. Graduated in medicine in 1840, he practiced in Gleiwitz before settling in…

Australian rabbi born in Edinburgh in 1823 and died in Melbourne, Victoria, in 1880, son of Myer Rintel, Hebraist and Talmudist. Reader at the Brighton synagogue, he went to Sydney in 1844, where he…

Italian politician

German rabbi born on March 13, 1825 in Ratibor, in Prussian Silesia, and died on July 9, 1890 in Johannisbad, in Bohemia. Doctorate in classical philology and history from Breslau (1849), he…

German physician and author born in Berlin on October 4, 1862, son of Immanuel Heinrich Ritter. Medical graduate of the University of Berlin in 1887, he directs in 1905 the Institute for Invalid…

Russian writer born in Vitebsk in 1869, son of a police officer himself a Talmudist. Trained in the ḥeder and then at the Jewish state school of Vilija from 1881 and at the Institute of Jewish…

Lawyer, author, and American chess player born on February 22, 1850 in Wachenheim, in the Rhine Palatinate, taken to the United States at the age of six. Trained in Philadelphia and then in Paris…

American physician and editor born on May 27, 1857 in Philadelphia, graduated in medicine in New York in 1881. Resident physician at Mount Sinai Hospital (1881-1883) then at Montefiore Home…

Irish politician

Son of Chief Rabbi Simon Debré; founding figure of modern French pediatrics and hospital-university reform, father of Prime Minister Michel Debré. Author of numerous medical works and memoirs.

Member of the Rolo family; presided over the Jewish community of Alexandria from 1934 to 1948.

Legal advisor to the heir apparent (future king) Fouad, then influential intermediary between the royal court and the British residence; for many years director of the National Bank of Egypt. Member…

French physician, Resistance fighter and deportee

Italian geographer (1884-1962)

German poet and author born in Rodenberg, in Hesse, on June 26, 1831. After law studies which he abandons for literature, he publishes his first poem, « Dornröschen », in Bremen in 1851, travels…

German composer and orchestra conductor born in Berlin on April 7, 1851 and died in Boston on June 7, 1895, trained at the Hochschule of music of Berlin. Leader of choirs at the Teatro dal Verme in…

Italian-Argentine Jewish philosopher and historian of ancient and modern philosophy, professor at the Universities of Turin and Bologna, dismissed from his chair and forced to emigrate to Argentina…

Banker and French writer born in Bordeaux in 1812 and died in Paris in 1898, son of Isaac Rodrigues-Henriques, head of a major banking house in Bordeaux. After his studies in Paris, he became a…

Dutch bibliographer born in Amsterdam in 1821 and died in that city in 1890. Employed by booksellers, he was passionate about bibliography and published in 1857 his « Catalogue de Livres Orientaux »,…

Catholic theologian and antisemitic author born in 1839 in Neuenkirchen, Prussia, professor successively in Münster, Milwaukee and Prague, where he remained canon until 1905. His work « Der…

Belarusian writer

Russian thinker

Born in a Russian Jewish family, he grew up in Moscow then joined his family in Berlin after the revolution. In the 1930s he traveled through Poland, Ukraine, Romania and the Baltic countries to…

Italian historian born in Trieste in 1808 and died in Venice on September 9, 1861. Orphaned early, he settled with his family in Venice in 1821, where he became a tutor, then published as early as…

Hungarian sculptor born in Lovasberény on February 1, 1861, initially destined for commerce then trained in a sculptor's workshop before obtaining a state scholarship to study for three years in…

Hungarian dermatologist born in Halas on 1 April 1857, trained in Budapest. Assistant to Professor Kaposi in Vienna in 1881, then at Rukós Hospital in Budapest from 1882 to 1885, he founded the…

German Jewish woman, grandmother of Margot and Anne Frank (1866–1942)

German mathematician born on 16 August 1842 in Brody, Galicia. Commercial employee in Breslau from 1858, he undertakes studies in chemistry from 1860 and then in mathematics and physics in 1862,…

Romanian violinist born in Jassy on October 24, 1863. Trained from the age of seven, he enters at ten years old the first violin class at the Vienna Conservatory under Karl Heissler, makes his debut…

Woman of the world and English philanthropist born in London on July 27, 1851 and died at Dalmeny Park, in Scotland, on November 19, 1890, only daughter and heiress of Baron Meyer de Rothschild.…

Russian rabbi and av beth din born in the first half of the nineteenth century in Horodok, near Pinsk, and died on January 12, 1885. Destined for commerce by his father, he devoted himself to study…

Polish banker and member of the State Council, born in Warsaw in 1804 and died in that city in 1865. He takes over his father's bank in 1846, then, in recognition of his services to the community, is…

American physician born in Philadelphia on January 1, 1869, graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1889. After an internship, he took courses in Berlin and Vienna in 1892 and became in…

American rabbi born in Wollstein, Germany, on 30 May 1865, trained in Hirschberg, Philadelphia, the University of Cincinnati (degree in 1888), the Hebrew Union College (rabbinic diploma, 1889) and…

American journalist born in Philadelphia on September 16, 1858 and died in that city on March 4, 1892, contributor to the « Public Ledger » and other newspapers. He published in 1883 « The Jews of…

German physician born on January 4, 1851 in Krappitz, Silesia, where his father practiced medicine. Trained at the universities of Berlin and Breslau (doctorate in 1874), he interrupted his studies…

Austrian lawyer and community leader born in Prague on April 4, 1840, trained at the gymnasium and university of his native city (doctorate in law, 1863). Active in the administration of the Jewish…

Russian-American writer born in Pinsk, Russia, on October 17, 1838, descendant of the Jaffe family. Educated at the rabbinical seminary of Zhitomir, he became in 1872 chief rabbi of the Pinsk…

German physician born on September 17, 1856 in Schloppe, West Prussia, holder of a degree from the University of Berlin in 1880. Author of numerous essays on diseases of the larynx and throat, he…

Hungarian deputy born in Kis-Czell on September 12, 1856, trained in Szombathely and Győr then in law in Budapest (doctorate in 1877, admitted to the bar in 1880). Recognized as an authority on…

Austrian lawyer born on March 20, 1853 in Cracow, in Galicia, where he was trained, graduated from university in 1876 then passed the state examination in 1880. Lecturer in law from 1877, assistant…

Russian rabbi known as the « Tsaddik of Bouten », born in Autopol, in the governorate of Grodno, on 3 Iyar 1837. Trained under Isaac Hirsch, rabbi of Semiatytche, he married at fourteen, studied…

American lawyer born in Albany, New York State, on June 23, 1842. Admitted to the bar in 1863, he became assistant district attorney of Albany County, then, in 1868, clerk of Albany for four years;…

Russian journalist and publisher born in Austria in 1839 and died in Minsk, Russia, in 1885, educated in law at the University of Kiev. Lawyer in Saint Petersburg, he collaborates with several…

Danish composer born in Copenhagen on 21 July 1849, initially destined for commerce before devoting himself to music with his father's consent. Trained at the Copenhagen Conservatory from 1872 to…

Yiddish poet born in Boksza, in the governorate of Suwałki, in Russian Poland, on December 28, 1862. Tailor in New York and London then diamond merchant in Amsterdam, he settles in New York in 1886…

American dramatist born in Richmond, Virginia, on October 26, 1855, trained in the public schools of Richmond and New York. Designated editor-in-chief at the launch of « Puck », he then turned to…

German mathematician born on June 10, 1816 in Königsberg, Prussia, and died in that city on May 14, 1887. Privatdocent at the University of Breslau from 1844 to 1848, then in Vienna from 1851, he…

German pianist born in Mannheim on December 27, 1813 and died in Baden-Baden on March 21, 1894. His one-act piece "Der Besuch im Irrenhause", which premiered with success in Frankfurt am Main in…

German cantor born in Offenbach-sur-la-Glan, in the Rhineland Palatinate, on March 14, 1841, and died in Nuremberg on November 16, 1900. Trained by cantor Löwe in Strasbourg and then by Salomon…

Russian Hebraist born in the first quarter of the 19th century in Vilna, where he lived his entire life in comfort and died in 1896. He published "'Eẓaḥ we-Tushiyah", proposals for reforms in Judaism…

German physician born in Berlin on February 20, 1832, son of rabbi Elhanan Rosenstein and grandson of rabbi Rosenstein of Bonn. M.D. from the University of Berlin in 1854, he served as assistant at…

German writer born in Berlin on 14 October 1840, died in Stuttgart on 7 April 1897. After studying natural sciences in Berlin and Paris, he traveled in southern Europe, the United States, and Japan,…

Polish physician born in 1808 in Tarnogrod, in the Lublin district, and died in 1889, son of a district physician in the service of the Polish army. Trained in medicine in Vienna, he was sent in 1831…

German physician and author born in Neisse, Silesia, in 1812, and died in Breslau on March 29, 1875, holder of a medical degree from the university of Breslau. Converted to Catholicism in 1851, he…

German jurist born on September 6, 1853 in Würzburg. After studying at Würzburg, Heidelberg, and Berlin, where he obtained his doctorate in law in 1878, he became a privat-docent at the University of…

Exegete born around 1860 in Vladislavov (Neustadt-Schirwindt), in Poland. In 1869, he joins Manchester, in England, with his mother and sisters, where he receives his education, then returns to…

American author, editor, and librarian born on 6 October 1843 in Friedrichstadt, in Courland (Russia). After completing his studies in 1859, he emigrates to the United States in 1881 to found…

German physiologist born July 16, 1836 in Labischin, near Bromberg, in Posen, died in 1904. Graduated in medicine from the University of Berlin in 1859, he obtained the venia legendi there in 1862,…

Polish physician born in Warsaw, son of David Rosenthal, trained in medicine in Berlin and Warsaw. He became in 1870 physician at the Jewish hospital in Warsaw, dedicating himself to gynecology, and…

Russian Jewish scholar born on 14 February 1844 in Suwalki, Russian Poland. Self-taught in Talmud from his earliest years, he settled in Warsaw in the nineteen-nineties to practise law, while…

American lawyer born September 17, 1828 in Liedolsheim, in the Grand Duchy of Baden, Germany. Trained at Rastadt, Heidelberg and Freiburg, he emigrated to the United States in 1854 and settled in…

Russian financier, philanthropist and community activist born in Vilna on November 16, 1817, died in Locarno, Switzerland, on June 19, 1887. Son of an enlightened merchant close to the Haskalah…

American painter and engraver born on November 23, 1833 in Turek, near Kalisz, in Russian Poland. Trained in Berlin then in Paris, he settles in the United States in 1849, studies at the Pennsylvania…

Austrian physician born in 1833 in Grosswardein, in Hungary, died in Vienna on December 30, 1889. A graduate in medicine from the University of Vienna in 1858, he became privatdocent in 1863 and then…

Chess master born in 1838 in Suwalki, Russian Poland, died in Paris on September 25th, 1902. Refugee in Paris in 1864 after the Polish insurrection, he devoted himself to chess and established…

American painter born on 15 March 1848 in New Haven, Connecticut. Settled in San Francisco from 1855, he studied art there in 1864 before departing for Munich in 1865, where he trained under Piloty…

Editor, author and Russo-American poet born in Byelostok, Russia, in April 1861. Educated in Jewish schools in Berlin, Cracow and several Russian cities, he directed a Hebrew school in Suwalki before…

American mezzo-soprano born in Stuttgart on March 7, 1847. After debuts in Baltimore in 1864, she pursued a career as a prima donna from 1875, notably with the Abbott Company from 1880 to 1884…

American engineer born in Bohemia on October 31, 1848, who emigrated to the United States at an early age with his family and settled in Cleveland. He joined the corps of engineers of the Union…

American newspaper editor and publisher born in Bukovan, Bohemia, in 1841. Emigrated to the United States at thirteen after studying in Prague, he trained in telegraphy, served in the American…

American editor and economist born in Omaha, Nebraska, in 1871, son of Edward Rosewater. Graduate of Columbia University in New York (master's degree in 1892, doctorate in 1893), where he was an…

German theologian born in Rosenberg, Silesia, on May 27, 1823, died in Breslau on December 31, 1894. Trained in the yeshivot of Kempen, Myslowitz and Prague before completing his studies in Berlin…

German jurist born in Breslau on September 14, 1855. He became privat-docent at the Faculty of Law of Breslau in 1880, before joining the University of Freiburg as assistant professor and then full…

Merchant and American community activist born in Wollstein, Prussia, on November 6, 1846, son of Henry and Zelda Rosnosky. Settled in Boston from an early age, he served on the municipal council in…

Swiss physician born in Basel on December 25, 1839, trained at the universities of Würzburg, Göttingen, Berlin and Basel, where he obtained his doctorate in medicine in 1864. Privatdocent in Basel in…

German cellist born in Tarnowitz, Upper Silesia, on October 25, 1853, died in Berlin on June 9, 1898. Trained under Wilhelm Müller and, from 1876 to 1878, under Robert Hausmann at the Königliche…

Austrian rhinologist born in Kluckno, Hungary, on October 10, 1848. Trained at the gymnasium of Eperies then at the University of Vienna, where he obtained his doctorate in medicine in 1873, he…

Rabbi and German author born in Hamm, Westphalia, on 16 November 1816, died in Aachen on 28 January 1892. Preacher in his native city, he became rabbi in Aachen in 1850 then in Alzey, Hesse, in 1862,…

American economist born in McGregor, Iowa, on September 17, 1871. Trained at the University of Pennsylvania and then at the Wharton School (Ph.B. in 1890), he obtained his doctorate from the…

rebetiko singer-songwriter and performer

Hungarian physician born in Lackenbach on March 15, 1815, died in Budapest on May 19, 1885. Educated in Nagy-Kanizsa, Szombathely, Pesth, and Vienna, he began practicing in Pesth in 1843, received…

Israeli journalist

Danish statistician and author born in Copenhagen on March 5, 1854. Diploma from the University of his native city in 1871, he became in 1874 secretary of a commerce commission, then from 1883…

Russian pianist and composer born on November 16 (28), 1829 in the village of Wechwotynetz, in Bessarabia, died in Peterhof, near Saint-Petersburg, on November 20, 1894, brother of Nikolaï…

Austrian deputy born in Czernowitz in 1805, died in Ischl on September 1, 1878. Member of the municipal council and vice-president of the chamber of commerce and industry of Czernowitz, which he…

Russian pianist and composer born in Staro-Constantinov on February 8, 1847, died by suicide in Lucerne on September 15, 1884. Pupil of Hellmesberger, Dachs and Liszt, devoted friend and admirer of…

Russian pianist born in Moscow on June 2, 1835, died in Paris on March 23, 1881, brother of Anton Rubinstein. Brought to Berlin in 1844 to study piano under Kullak and composition under Dehn, he…

Austrian psychologist born in Czernowitz, Bukovina, on September 20, 1847, daughter of an Austrian deputy. She entered the University of Prague in 1870, continued her studies in Leipzig, Vienna and…

German jurist born in Berlin on July 8, 1834, died in that city in March 1895. Graduate of the University of Heidelberg in 1857, he was admitted to the bar in 1859, appointed judge in Berlin in 1861…

German jurist

Austrian actor

French merchant and shipowner born in Paris on February 16, 1854. Turned toward colonial affairs and navigation from an early age, he went to Indochina in 1872 and became one of the pioneers of…

The first Jewish Lord Chief Justice of England (1913), he became viceroy and governor-general of India (1921–1926), then briefly secretary of state for foreign affairs (1931). Created marquess of…

Russian teacher and Hebraist author born in the village of Zezemer, in the governorate of Wilna, on April 6, 1822, died in 1894. Trained in the Talmud in Wilna from the age of nine, he became in…

English composer and singer born in Sheerness on December 24, 1812, died in London on December 7, 1900. After beginning on stage as a child, he studied singing under Bellini in Italy in 1825 and…

German Protestant theologian born in Reinsberg, Saxony, on December 18, 1849, died in Zurich on March 2, 1905. He begins his academic career at the University of Leipzig in 1878, becomes assistant…

Born Shloyme Zanvl Rappoport in 1863 in Chashniki (Vitebsk governorate), died in 1920. Yiddish/Russian author, he directed the Jewish Ethnographic Expedition in the Pale of Settlement (1912–1914),…