XVIIIth century CE

English historian born Francis Cohen in London in July 1788, died in that same city on July 6, 1861, son of Meyer Cohen, member of the London Stock Exchange. Child prodigy, he translated at eight…

Hungarian rabbi, born in 1783 in Bielitz, in Silesia, died on 20 Nisan 1845 in Karlsbourg, in Transylvania. Trained at the yeshiva of Leipnik under Baruch Fränkel and then in Prague under the chief…

German writer, born in Dembiohammer in 1773, died in Ratibor on August 6, 1840. First a tutor then manager of a pottery in Ratibor, he becomes the official poet of the « Allgemeiner Oberschlesischer…

Russian painter, born in Odessa in 1862, according to family tradition descended from Spanish Jewish refugees established in Padua and then, in the eighteenth century, in Galicia, before the family…

Member of the college of rabbis of Jerusalem in the eighteenth century. In 1705, he approved the « Peri Ḥadash » of Ḥizqiya de Silva, published in 1706.

Rabbi of Peisern in the eighteenth century, author of the « Or la-Yesharim », novellae on several Talmudic treatises and commentary on the Haggada of Pesaḥ, published together for the first time in…

Russian financier, friend and contemporary of Nathan Notkin and Nevakhovitch, son of the rabbi of Levertov, Galicia, and son-in-law of Joshua Zeitlin of Chklov. Under the reign of Paul I, he obtains…

Patron and man of letters Austrian, born in Tarnopol, Galicia, in 1774, died in that city on October 1, 1839. From a wealthy family, he devotes himself from his youth to the emancipation and…

Bohemian rabbi and author, died after September 9, 1701, native of Prague and member of the Eibenschütz family, whose name he adopted from his wife Bella Perlhefter. Established in Vienna until the…

One of the most prominent Jews of Vilna in the mid and late eighteenth century, son of Rabbi Elias Pesseles, grandson of Moses ben Naphtali Ribkas (author of the "Be'er ha-Golah") and close to the…

Dayan of Meknès, author of the responsa Nofet Tsoufim and of the commentary Pittuhei Hotam.

(1798-1881)

Polish merchant active around 1775, head of the Jewish community of Krotoschin, then a fief of the princes of Thurn and Taxis, whose esteem and personal commissions he gained. Frequenting the fairs…

Sara de Fonseca Pina y Pimentel is a poetess of Spanish origin who lived in England in the early eighteenth century. She is the author of « Espejo Fiel de Vidas » (London, 1720), a collection of…

Polish and German rabbi

Elijah b. Moïse Gershon of Pinczow is an 18th-century Polish physician and talmudist, author of several works: « Ir Ḥeshbon » on arithmetic and algebra and « Berure ha-Middot » on geometry, both…

Elijah b. Aaron Pines is a rabbi of Chklov, in the government of Moghilev, in Russia, in the eighteenth century, descendant of the families of Jacob Polak and Judah Löb Puchowitzer. He is the author…

Hasidic master, companion of the Baal Shem Tov, renowned for his teachings on truth and humility. He profoundly influenced Hasidic thought.

Rabbi of Meknès, active in the 6th century of the Hebrew era (1740–1839). Son of Baroukh. Recorded in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 104-1.

Rabbi of Meknès, 18th century. Died in 5461 of the Hebrew era (1701). Son of Daniel. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 104-1.

Jacob Pinhas is a German journalist and community leader, born in August 1788 and died in Cassel on December 8, 1861. After renouncing his father's career as a miniaturist painter, he becomes a…

Ephraïm Moïse Pinner (b. Alexander Süsskind) is a German talmudist and archaeologist, born in Pinne around 1800 and died in Berlin in 1880. His first work, a comparative summary of the Talmuds of…

Dob Bär b. Nathan Pinsker is an 18th-century Polish Talmudist, descendant of Nathan Spira of Cracow. He is the author of "Neṭa' Sha'ashu'im" (Zolkiev, 1748), novellae on the Nashim section of the…

Phinehas b. Juda of Polotsk is a Polish biblical commentator, active in Polotsk in the 18th century. He drafts commentaries on four books of the Hebrew Bible: « Shebeṭ mi-Yehudah » (Wilna, 1803) on…

Man of letters, composer and Italian-American professor, born in Ceneda, Italy, in 1749, died in 1837. Baptized in his fourteenth year, he took the name Da Ponte, became professor of belles-lettres…

Benjamin Pontremoli is a Turkish rabbinic author who lived in Smyrna at the end of the 18th century. He is the author of « Shebeṭ Binyamin » (Salonique, 1824), a treatise on the drafting of…

Meïr Posner, also called Munk or Meïr Pinner, is a Prussian rabbi, born in 1735 and died in Danzig on February 3, 1807, rabbi of the Schottland congregation in Danzig from 1782 until his death. He is…

Salomon Zalman Posner is a Polish rabbi, born in Landsberg around 1778 and died in Loslau in 1863, son of Joseph Landsberg, rabbi of Posen. He is the author of several unpublished works, among which…

Count Valentin Potocki (Abraham b. Abraham) is a Polish nobleman converted to Judaism, burned alive in Vilna on 24 May 1749, whose memory has remained venerated among the Jews of Russia under the…

Benjamin Wolf Prerau is a Moravian Hebraist, active in Prerau in the 18th and 19th centuries. He publishes the « Baḳḳashat ha-Memin » of Bedersi, accompanied by a German translation, a Hebrew…

Roman governor of Syria around the year 6 of the Common Era. After the deposition of Archelaus that same year, Judea came under direct Roman administration and was attached to the province of Syria;…

Counted among the great scholars of his generation in Meknès: kabbalist, grammarian, mohel and scribe. Forced to flee his native city in 1805 (debts/troubles), he returned in 1809. Documented by the…

Cited among the numerous disciples (over one hundred) trained by R. Yosef Zarka according to the 'iyoun study method, according to the records of the Hida (list of Sages of Tunisia).

Rabbi of Meknès at the end of the 18th / beginning of the 19th century, member of the same Zenou family. Documented by Moreshet (Toledano dictionary).

Son of the Hasidic Rabbi Kalifa ben Malka, nicknamed « the Nazir » (the ascetic), he was raised by his father in Torah and detachment from the world, leading a life of withdrawal and study. On the…

Scholar (talmid hakham) from Ouarzazate. His remains and those of his brother Rabbi Shlomo were transferred to Israel by his cousin Rabbi Meïr Tanji and buried at Har haMenouhot.

Counted among the sages of Safi, where he was moreh-tzedek. Signatory of a judgment (psak-din) from the year 1712, he also appears among the signatories of the responsa « Michpat u-Tzvi » (§54).

Sage of Moroccan origin, he was among the disciples of the Ari (Rabbi Yitzhak Louria). His detailed entry appears in the encyclopedia at the section devoted to the city of Safed.

Leader of the Jewish community of Tripoli, he composed a history of the Jews of Tripoli (now lost) which served as a source for later historians (Adadi, Slouschz), as well as piyyutim. He is the…

Cantor (hazan) of the synagogue of Rabbi Raphaël Encaoua and treasurer (gizbar) of the community of Salé. At the request of Rabbi Raphaël, moved by the sight of a desecrated and unfenced cemetery, he…

Born and raised in Sale (1696-1743), he is the author of the famous commentary « Or haHayim » on the Torah, one of the most studied Torah works in the world, both among Sephardim and Ashkenazim. The…

Buried in the Oufran cave. His epitaph: « Gravestone of Rav Shlomo bar-Massoud », dated to the year « Ha'emanti » (1746). Cited by Rabbi Yosef ben-Naïm (Malkhei-Rabbanan).

Buried in Oufran; his epitaph is dated the year 5557 (1797). Cited by S. Vanunu (Arzei HaLevanon).

Son of Rabbi Yaakov ben-Chabbat. Buried in the cave of Oufran; his epitaph is dated the year 5507 (1747). Cited by Rabbi Yossef ben-Naïm (Malkhei-Rabbanan).

Venerated tzaddik whose tomb is located in Aghzou Bahammou, near Taroudant, in southern Morocco. Numerous accounts of miracles are attributed to him: a luminous crystal menora appearing one Seder…

Holy from birth, descended from a lineage of Kabbalists; his father, the great Kabbalist Rabbi Baroukh El-Kbir ("the Great"), traced the family to Baroukh ben Neriah, disciple of Jeremiah. The family…

Son of Rabbi Yosef Knafo, he was grand rabbi (rav rashi) of the city of Mogador (Essaouira). Paternal grandfather of the writer and researcher Asher Knafo.

Member of the inner circle (Chevraya Kadisha) of Dov Ber of Mezeritch, he was, with his brother Zusha of Anipoli, one of the founders of Galician Hasidism. Author of the Noam Elimelech, he developed…

Rabbi, judge and liturgical poet of Meknes in the eighteenth century, author of the collection Chir Yedidot ("Song of Friendships"), piyyutim very popular in Morocco.

Rabbi of Oran among the notable rabbis of the city, appointed assessor of the first rabbinical court of Oran created in 1835 (presided over by Rabbi Messaoud Darmon).

According to the onomastic entry drawing on Maurice Eisenbeth, a Rabbi Josué Sidoun appears among the signatories of the « Approbation » of the Algiers rabbinate for the Rabbinical Consultations of…

Moroccan sage born around 1680, probably in Tétouan, he studied under the sages of Fès and Safi and lived many years in Tétouan before settling in Agadir, where he served as rabbi and judge in the…

Wealthy merchant trading between Oufran and Mogador (Essaouira). Become a widower already with ten children, he married a young woman and brought her to Oufran. When the Bacha of Oufran wanted to…

Lived in the eighteenth century. Counted among the sages of Safi, he served as scribe at the rabbinical court. He appears as a signatory to a receipt of testimony dated 1785 in the responsa « Tokpo…

Sage of Moroccan origin, he was among the disciples of the Ari (Rabbi Yitzhak Louria). His detailed note appears in the encyclopedia under the entry devoted to the city of Safed.

Half-brother (maternal) of the Baba Sali, known as a wise, shrewd and spiritual man in all matters, always filled with joy. He engaged in small commerce and his hilloula is celebrated on 24 Kislev.…

Lived, according to conjecture, in the first half of the 18th century or at the end of the 17th. Counted among the sages of Safi, he was there moreh-tzedek and grand Talmudic master.

Member of the family of saints « Aït Nahmiash » of Ouarzazate. His hilloula, celebrated on the 15th of Elul, brought together numerous Jews from the city and surrounding villages.

Rabbi in Sefrou in the 18th century; the surname Bonafad (origin probably Provençal, "good feast" = translation of Yom Tov) is a Moroccan Jewish name documented by the Toledano list.

At the end of the 18th century, Rabbi Moïse Crief lived in Tunis; he is cited as the author of a commentary on the Talmudic treatise Nazir. He constitutes the first notable attestation of the…

Grandson of Rabbi Shmouel Amar; in the biographical notice opening the "Dvar Shmouel", he reports the existence of the former Jewish cemetery of Tazda in Ouarzazate, purchased by the Jews since time…

From Salé, author of "Méarat Sdé haMakhpela", abbreviated in verse of "Otsrot Haïm".

Son of Rabbi Makhlouf Knafo. An infant circumcised during the events of Oufran, he was saved from the pyre: his mother bound him to her back, escaped from the window with sheets and, after three…

Buried in the cave of Oufran. His epitaph is dated the year 5511 (1751), in the eighteenth century. Cited by Rabbi Yossef ben-Naïm (Malkhei-Rabbanan).

Great-grandson of the Baal Shem Tov, hasidic master and storyteller of genius. His Tales (Sippurei Maasiot) are allegorical narratives of unheard-of mystical depth. His teaching — "The whole world is…

Kabbalist of Fès, author of « Tzenif Meloukha ».

His biography is unknown; according to tradition he came to Morocco as an emissary (shadar) from the Land of Israel to collect funds for the poor and the students of the yeshivas. He is buried at the…

Son of the great rabbi Rabbi Yossef Amar, he appears as a signatory of the old deed of purchase of the Tazda cemetery in Ouarzazate, a document preserved by R. David Tanzi of Marrakech.

Yemenite poet, brother (or close relative) of the negid Shalom Mansoura of Sanaa. He lived in precarity, wandering from place to place, as he writes in the colophon of a prayerbook of 1832. His main…

Yemenite sage born in Sanaa, renowned for his halakhic learning; he was an advisor (« chief of advisors ») to the imam, as reported by Yaakov Sapir during his visit to Yemen in 1859. He left several…

Famous kabbalist, author of the « Mikdash Melekh », commentary on the Zohar. He was the disciple of Rabbi Abraham Azoulay of Marrakech.

Father of Rabbi Mishaël Makhlouf Dahan, established in Zagoura (south Morocco), whose genealogy is said by the family to trace back to King David. He died when his son Mishaël was about five years…

Reputed disciple of Rabbi Yossef Pinto; according to the account, he appeared at his side to the Jews of Ouarzazate going up to the Land of Israel on the Tichka road.

Dayan (rabbinical judge) of the city of Sefrou. Under the reign of Sultan Moulay el-Yazid (1790-1792), he was imprisoned with his colleague Rabbi Shlomo Abitbol, seemingly following false accusations…

Descendant of the Ouazana lineage, he has presided for about fifty years over the hilloula of Rabbi Avraham Ouazana celebrated in Netanya, Israel, in continuity with the one that once took place with…

Tsadik buried at the top of a steep hill facing the tomb of Rabbi Yitzhak Israël Halevi, near Bzou. A miraculous spring gushing forth is reported there.

Dayan (rabbinical judge) of Sefrou. Under Moulay el-Yazid (1790-1792), he was imprisoned along with the dayan Rabbi Shaoul Yeshoua Abitbol following accusations by the city's governor, and freed only…

Counted among the most renowned and venerated tzaddikim of Morocco, especially in the southern region, he is buried approximately 2 km from the village of Aghbalou, in the Ourika valley; his hiloula…

Brother of Rabbi Abraham Tanji; his remains were transferred from Ouarzazate to Israel and buried at Har haMenouhot.

Erudite Talmudist from Tunis, who studied at the yeshiva of Rabbi Raphaël El-Fassi. Went to Nabeul in 1773 to stay with his daughter, wife of Rabbi Mardochée El-Guez. Died in 1774, he became the…

According to tradition, he was originally from the Land of Israel, one of the ten sages who came long ago from Eretz Israel to Morocco. It is said that, pursued by brigands while riding, he entered a…

Sage of Marrakesh, presented as companion of Rabbi Abraham Azoulay.

One of the two great kabbalists of the Taroudant circle, author of "HaPerah Shoshan", rediscovered by the recent publication of his manuscripts.

Saint of the Nahmiash family of Ouarzazate, on whom few details remain. Tradition reports that when the French wanted to trace a road crossing the cemetery, the engineer charged with the plans was…

Sage of Marrakech, presented as companion of Rabbi Abraham Azoulay.

Chief (manhig) of the Jewish community of Oran and last of the fifty martyrs burned alive for refusing to convert to Islam, an episode known as the « Burned of Oran ». According to sources, the event…

Saint buried in Ouarzazate, whose very existence was little known before Shaul Tanji discovered it during a guided visit. An imposing complex (hotel, synagogue, hilloula hall, ohel and marble stele)…

An upright man fearing God, he counted among the notables and the wealthy of Erfoud. A great grain merchant owning stores of wheat and barley, he consulted the Baba Sali when heavy rains, on a day of…

Served as shohet-bodek (ritual slaughterer) in the community of Guercif, a town near Oujda, close to the Algerian border. He was the father-in-law of Rabbi Mishaël Makhlouf Dahan, who married his…

Tunisian rabbi listed among the Sages of Tunisia (fifth generation), author of the work Ushvuto le-Yitzhak (1825).

Surnamed « Moul el-Berj » (master of the tower) and, by Muslims, « Sidi Mohammed el-Mashzouz / el-Mokhfi ». According to tradition, he is numbered among the tsadikim who came from the Land of Israel,…

Born in Erfoud, he was ordained by the Baba Sali, the Baba Haki and Rabbi Meïr, son of the Baba Sali. He exercised as a shohet-bodek, mohel, teacher (melamed) and preacher (darshan), and was…

Counted among the sages of Safi, he was scribe of deeds at the rabbinical court alongside Rabbi Yossef Korkos. Both of them, with other rabbis, signed in 1750 in a responsa of Rabbi Eliézer d'Avila…

Rabbi of Fès very concerned with the preservation of his writings, fearing they might suffer the fate of the lost books of other sages. His library contained more than 10,000 works; solicited by…

Disciple of Rabbi Yits'haq Lumbroso, president of the rabbinical court of Tunis, he trained more than a hundred students according to the iyoun method. Author of several published works (by E. Moshe…

Chief Rabbi described as « holy and ascetic hassid » (חסידא קדישא ופרישא), father of Rabbi Reouven Amar, associated with the old act of the cemetery of Tazda in Ouarzazate.

Son of Rabbi Yaakov Cohen buried in Taznakht, he served as dayan and co-signed decisions with the rabbis of Mogador (Essaouira), who described him as "the perfect sage, pious and withdrawn, versed in…

Son of the kabbalist Rabbi Yaakov Pinto of Marrakech (uncle of the famous Rabbi Haïm Pinto the Great), he counted among the sages of Marrakech, where he co-signed a rabbinic judgment in 1748. Reputed…

Kabbalist of the Taroudant circle, author of « Guinot Bitan », revealed by the recent publication of his manuscripts.

Son of Rabbi Moshé Knafo, tzadik of Mogador (Essaouira) reputed to have written dozens of works.

Cited by Shaul Tanji among the saints of Ouarzazate on whom no biographical detail is preserved (to be distinguished from Rabbi Yossef Nahmiash, son of Rabbi David, who taught in Marrakech).

Tsadik buried in Ouarzazate. According to the account reported in "Keter Kedoucha" (history of the dynasty of the tsadikkim Pinto), he appeared with two of his disciples to the Jews of Ouarzazate…

Cited by Shaul Tanji among the saints of Ouarzazate on whom no biographical details are preserved.

Russian rabbi born in Sloboda, a suburb of Bauske in Courland, in 1758, and died in Bauske in 1830, descended through his mother from Mordekhai Jaffé, author of the Lebushim. Rabbi of Bauske from…

German translator of the Mishna and Talmud, born in 1710 in Lindflur, Lower Franconia, and died on February 12, 1798; chaplain of the city of Ansbach. Moses Mendelssohn praised him in 1771 in a…

Hebrew poetess of Trieste, one of the first women maskilot.

Rabbi of Meknès, active in the 6th century of the Hebrew era (1740–1839). Recorded in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 105-3.

Rabbi of Fès, active in the 6th century of the Hebrew era (1740–1839). Son of Shlomo Shmuel. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 105-2.

Rabbi of Safi. Period not specified by the source. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 106-3.

Rabbi of Rabat, eighteenth century. Mentioned in 5548 of the Hebrew era (1788). Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 107-2.

Rabbi of Mogador (Essaouira), active in the 6th century of the Hebrew era (1740–1839). Registered in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 107–4.

Dayan (judge) in Marrakech from 5596, then av beit din (president of the rabbinical court) and rabbi of the city until his death. Kabbalist renowned for his piety and erudition throughout Morocco in…

Rabbi, active in the 6th century of the Hebrew era (1740–1839). Son of Yehuda. Recorded in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 105-4.

Rabbi of Fès, eighteenth century. Born in 5466 (1706), died in 5529 (1769) of the Hebrew era. Son of Yaakov. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 105-1.

Rabbi of Meknès. Period not specified by the source. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 106-2.

Rabbi. Period not specified by the source. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 55-3.

Lithuanian Talmudist of the 18th century born in Wilna, brother of Elijah b. Solomon, the Gaon of Vilna. Preacher in Chklov, he is the author of "Ma'alot ha-Torah" (2nd ed., Königsberg, 1851), a…

Polish rabbi and Hebrew scholar died in Eibenschütz, in Moravia, in November 1707, where he exercised after leaving Krakow. He owes his notoriety to the « Leshon Naḳi », one of the best Hebrew…

Austrian pedagogue born in Randegg on February 9, 1780 and died in Trieste on March 12, 1853. Educated in Switzerland, Bavaria and Pressburg, he first taught in Vienna then settled in Trieste, where…

Talmudist and author, born in Livonia on 4 November 1722, died in Altona on 26 November 1803. Trained in Minsk under Aryeh Löb ben Asher, whose successor he becomes at the head of the yeshiva in…

Dayan and great scholar of Meknès, reference authority of Moroccan Judaism.

Father of the physician and poet Emanuel Calvo, designated in the encyclopedic notice devoted to his son as a man of learning (« his learned father »). He left Salonique for Livorno with his son…

rabbi

Ottoman rabbi

Italian rabbi

English rabbi

chief Rabbi of Israel from 1756 to 1771

Hasidic rabbi and theologian

Swiss rabbi

Rabbi and decisioner of Aleppo from 1740 until his death; at the heart of the Franco controversy in the 1760s.

German physician and writer born in Raschkow, in the province of Posen, in 1798, and died on August 2, 1870. Trained in Hebrew by his father, a local rabbi, he becomes a tutor in Neisse and then…

Hebrew poet born in Vilkoviškis, in Lithuania, in 1793, and died in London on September 11, 1877. First a merchant in his native city, he is part of the delegation that receives Sir Moses Montefiore…

American Jewish philanthropist and educator (1781-1869), founder of the first Hebrew Sunday School in the United States (1838) and a founding member of the Female Hebrew Benevolent Society of…

Danish merchant and author born in Fredericia, in Jutland, on October 12, 1778, and died in Copenhagen on October 1, 1859. He takes over his father's business upon his death while studying Jewish…

Rabbi and Italian Kabbalist born in Ferrara in 1755 and died in Gorizia on January 8, 1842. Trained by Samuel Lampronti, he teaches Hebrew to children from wealthy Jewish families and then becomes…

Scholar and rabbi born in Gorizia, Illyria, on August 15, 1784, and died in that city on August 29, 1855, son of rabbi Abraham Vita Reggio. Trained in Hebrew and rabbinic studies by his father, he…

Italian rabbi and grammarian born in Ferrara in 1774 and died in 1837, on the 1st of Elul. Student of Graziadio Neppi and Joseph David Bassano, who made him his assistant at the Talmud Torah in…

German pedagogue born in 1792 in Altdorf-im-Breisgau and died in 1842 in Heidelberg. Teacher in schools in Gailingen, Basel and Bühl from 1809 to 1816, he was appointed in 1819 « Israelitischer…

Austrian rabbi born in Prague and died in Metz in February 1733, son of Rabbi Joseph, author of the « Gib'ot 'Olam », and son-in-law of R. Simon Spira of Prague, he was dayyan in Prague before being…

Rabbi of Fez, 18th century. Died in 5473 of the Hebrew era (1713). Son of Moshe. Recorded in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 104-2.

Rabbi, eighteenth century. Died in 5502 of the Hebrew era (1742). Son of Yaakov. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 104-3.

Rabbi. Period not specified by the source. Son of Yitshak. Recorded in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), p. 104-2.

Rabbi of Tangier. Period not specified by the source. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 104-4.

Rabbi. Period not specified by the source. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 104-4.

Rabbi of Meknès, 18th century. Mentioned in 5488 of the Hebrew era (1728). Son of David. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), p. 104-4.

Rabbi of Demnate. Period not specified by the source. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 104-4.

Rabbi of Tétouan, active in the 6th century of the Hebrew era (1740–1839). Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 105-1.

Rabbi of Marrakech. Period not specified by the source. Recorded in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 104-4.

Alsatian deputy to the French National Assembly from 1789 to 1791, which he presided over in that last year; born in Colmar on October 8, 1747 and died in that city on November 23, 1807. During the…

Talmudist and American rabbi born in 1800 in Gagsheim, near Würzburg, in Bavaria, and died in Baltimore on October 29, 1862. Ordained rabbi by Abraham Bing of Würzburg, then trained under Wolf…

German rabbi born in 1763 in the Riess valley and died on March 7, 1828 in Hamburg, father of Gabriel Riesser. Chosen as son-in-law by Raphael b. Jekoutiel Süsskind ha-Cohen, rabbi of…

Economist and French reformer born in Bordeaux on 16 October 1794 and died in Paris on 26 December 1850. Trained at the École Normale Supérieure and later assistant at the École Polytechnique, he met…

German physician born in Meiningen, Saxony, on November 11, 1795, and died in Berlin on June 16, 1873. A graduate in medicine from Berlin in 1817, he settled there the following year after a stay in…

Galician Hebraist author born in Dynów, near Przemyśl, on 21 October 1797, and died in Sosnica on 5 June 1885. Educated in Talmud, Hebrew and German in Przemyśl and then Brody from the age of seven,…

German rabbi born in Markt Uhlfeld, Bavaria, on January 4, 1780, and died in Bamberg on May 12, 1862. Trained at the yeshiva of Fürth from age thirteen, he was elected in 1808 rabbi of Uhlfeld, where…

Orientalist and Christian theologian born on December 10, 1768 in Hesselberg and died in Leipzig on September 17, 1835, trained at Erlangen, Giessen and Leipzig under his father, of whom he becomes…

Hungarian scholar born on June 13, 1764 in Moór, Hungary, died in Pesth on April 8, 1845. Trained by Mordecai Benet, future chief rabbi of Moravia, and by Meïr Barby, at the head of the yeshiva of…

Christian Hebraist born on 25 October 1742 in Castelnuovo, died in Parma in March 1831. Appointed professor of Oriental languages at the University of Parma in 1769, he devotes himself to the…

Austrian actor, nephew of composer Ignaz Moscheles, born in Prague on September 17, 1797 and died in Berlin in 1860, one of the most prominent actors of his time and a favorite of the Prussian public…

Hungarian composer born in Balassa-Gyarmath in 1787, died in Pesth on January 23, 1848. Trained in Vienna, Pressburg and Prague, he became one of the most popular violinists of his time through works…

German jurist born in Halberstadt on 9 June 1794, died in Berlin on 13 March 1866. After serving as a volunteer in the war against Napoleon, he studied law in Göttingen and Berlin, where he obtained…

German historian and anti-Jewish pamphleteer born in Greifswald on 1 March 1781, died in Florence on 1 February 1820. Professor of history at the universities of Greifswald, Göttingen (1801-9) and…

The sole identified person bearing this name in the reference onomastic source: Sa'adiah Lahboz, 'Nagid' (sheikly leader) of the Jews of Taza around 1716. No other biographical details are provided…

Rabbi of Fez, 18th century. Mentioned in 5497 of the Hebrew era (1737). Son of Maimon. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 100-2.

Rabbi of Safi, active in the 6th century of the Hebrew era (1740–1839). Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 100-1.

Rabbi of Baiza, 18th century. Mentioned in 5506 of the Hebrew era (1746). Son of Yaakov. Registered in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 99-4.

Rabbi of Meknes, active in the 6th century of the Hebrew era (1740–1839). Son of Yekutiel. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 100-2.

Rabbi of Algiers, co-author with Judah Ayache of works describing the customs of the Jews of Algiers.

Rabbi of Fès. Period not specified by the source. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 100-1.

Rabbi. Period not specified by the source. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 100-1.

Rabbi of Marrakech, active in the sixth century of the Hebrew era (1740–1839). Son of Yosef. Registered in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 99-4.

Rabbi of Fès. Period not specified by the source. Listed in Malkhei Rabbanan (Yosef Ben Naim, 1931), f. 99-2.

Turkish scholar of the eighteenth century, author of the « Maṭṭeh Asher » (Salonique, 1748), a collection of responsa, novellas on certain parts of the Yad ha-Ḥazaqah, laws on ritual slaughter…

Polish rabbi

Rabbi of Tunis, son of Rabbi Yéhouda Samama and grandson, through his mother, of the chief rabbi of the Tunisian (native) community Nathan Borgel (d. 1792). He is the author of a rabbinical work,…

Rabbinical judge of Marrakech recognized as an authority on Talmudic and legal matters; his decisions appear in the responsa of various Moroccan rabbis. Cited by the Encyclopaedia Judaica in the…

Salomon ben Simeon Wetzlar, of Fürth, is the author of an ethical code entitled Ḥakirot ha-Lev ("Examinations of the Heart"), printed in Amsterdam in 1731.

German banker

British rabbi

Jewish astronomer and poet of Baghdad, whose piyyoutim remain in Iraqi liturgy.

Self-taught Jewish philosopher born in Polish Lithuania, he went to Berlin and became one of the first great critics of Kantian philosophy. Kant himself acknowledged the acuteness of his objections.…

Austrian banker and businessman (1774-1855)

banquier allemand

German rabbi and Bible commentator

Salomon Chalem b. Ḥayyim Yeḥiel Cohen, rabbi of the second half of the 18th century, died in Amsterdam in 1781. He resided successively in Andrinople, Bologna, Sofia and Amsterdam, where he served as…

American financier born in Lissa, Poland, in 1740, died in Philadelphia on January 6, 1785. Established in New York, where he married Rachel, daughter of Moses B. Franks, he embraced the American…

Myer Salomon, founder of the synagogue of St Alban's Place in London, was born in the last quarter of the eighteenth century and died on December 31, 1840. Appointed in 1824 to the head of the…

Born in Monte San Savino (Tuscany). Trained in Jewish studies in Siena and an avid reader of Italian poetry, he corresponded with Metastasio, Cesarotti, Monti and Alfieri. Teacher of Italian in the…

Bene Israel officer in the 6th Battalion of the British East India Company Army, captured during the Mysore Wars by Tipu Sultan and spared, according to tradition, because he was Jewish. He made a…

Russian talmudist, member of a prominent rabbinic family, born in Smiela around 1780, died in Brody on 17 July 1854. Devoted to the history of rabbinic literature, he drafted several genealogical…

German author of Hebrew books for children, born in Kempen, in the province of Posen, on December 29, 1789, died in Breslau on April 29, 1864. Tutor then private teacher in Breslau until 1822, he…

Galician maskil, author of Shevilei Olam, the first general geography in Hebrew.

Born in Mantua on September 19, 1757, died in Casale Monferrato on October 17, 1814. Polyglot (about ten languages), figure of the renaissance of modern Hebrew literature. Spent four years in…

Russian rabbi born around 1720, died in 1793 in Wilna, where his father had served as rabbi. Son-in-law of Juda b. Eliézer, called "Yesod", the most influential citizen of Wilna, he was chosen in…

German rabbi and scholar, possibly established in Frankfurt an der Oder, died July 6, 1707. He is the author of the « Peri Megadim », an alphabetical index of the Ḥoshen Mishpaṭ of the Shulḥan Arukh,…

Russian kabbalist who lived in Swislotz, in the government of Grodno, in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. He is the author of the « Shem Shemuel », kabbalistic interpretations of the…

Born in Kolín in Bohemia, he directed for nearly sixty years a renowned yeshiva in Boskovice (Moravia), where he died in 1806, without ever holding an official rabbinical position. He is famous for…

Dutch chief rabbi (1773-1838)

Born in Metz in 1796, he directed the school of the Consistoire israélite of Paris (1822-1836). He was the first to translate the Hebrew Bible into French for a Jewish audience: the first volume…