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Memory🌳 AshkenaziToponymProbable· Published on August 7, 2026

The Landau Family

Origin of the name, history and genealogy of the Landau lineage — a Jewish family name and the traces it left behind.

Toponym (Landau, Palatinate). Rabbi Yechezkel Landau (Noda BiYhouda, 1713-1793), Chief Rabbi of Prague.

Geographic origin: Prague / Galicie

Memory register · custodian, not owner

Lineage Map

VarsovieVarsovieJérusalemJérusalemGalicie (Lemberg)Galicie (Lemberg)Place of Origin — PraguePrague
Place of Origin Diaspora Memory (transmitted)Regions reconstructed from documented origins and diaspora.
The Great Book of this lineage

The Great Book — Landau

Introduction

En 1620, Ẓebi ben Moses Landau, l'un des notables de la communauté de Lemberg, s'éteignait à Cracovie après une vie de service communautaire [Jewish Encyclopedia, article « Landau », 1906]. Ce n'est pas un traité, ni un axiome, mais un homme et une ville : c'est par là que commence l'histoire documentée de la lignée Landau en Pologne. Derrière lui, plus d'un siècle de présence silencieuse dans les registres des grandes communautés ashkénazes de Podolie et de Galicie occidentale ; devant lui, des générations qui allaient porter ce nom jusqu'aux sommets du droit rabbinique, de la poésie yiddish, de la mathématique pure et du théâtre mondial.

Car la famille Landau est l'une de ces lignées dont l'histoire dessine, comme en creux, la carte entière de l'expérience juive moderne : la Bohême rabbinique du XVIIIe siècle, les cours hassidiques galiciennes, les yeshivot lituaniennes transplantées en Terre d'Israël, les avant-gardes littéraires de New York, les amphithéâtres de Göttingen, les plateaux d'Hollywood. Un seul patronyme, une seule souche, et la quasi-totalité des mondes que le judaïsme a traversés depuis trois siècles.

Figure tutélaire autour de laquelle s'organisent toutes les autres, Rabbi Yehezkel Landau — le Noda BiYehouda — règne sur ce livre comme il régna sur Prague : par l'autorité d'une intelligence rigoureuse mise au service d'une communauté. Mais ce livre voudra aussi donner leur juste place à tous ceux qui, du poète yiddish de New York au mathématicien de Berlin, du rabbin de Johannesburg au rosh yeshiva de Bnei Brak, ont fait du nom Landau une demeure de l'esprit.

Versions (1)
  1. v1 · current · Aug 7, 2026

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Variants of the name (3)

One name, a hundred faces.

The same surname, transcribed differently across languages, eras, and diasporas.

LandaLandauerLandy

Does your family write this name differently?

In memory

The Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names at Yad Vashem records the women, men, and children murdered during the Shoah. You can search there for the people who bore the name Landau.

Search “Landau” on Yad Vashem

The search is performed directly in the Yad Vashem archives; Zakhor neither copies nor retains any personal data. The presence or absence of a name in the database is not exhaustive. Learn more

Works & texts (5)

Documents published on Zakhor linked to this lineage through their keywords.

Notable figures of the lineage

Places along the journey

Communities crossed

Diaspora regions

PragueGaliciePologneIsraël

The days of this book

This book bears no memory day yet. The sources that document Landau give years and centuries, never a day; we do not invent one.

You know a date — a remembrance, a hilloula, the anniversary of a departure? Give it its day

Bibliography

  • Sharon Flatto, The Kabbalistic Culture of Eighteenth-Century Prague: Ezekiel Landau (the 'Noda Biyehudah') and his Contemporaries (2010)
  • Scott Spector, Prague Territories: National Conflict and Cultural Innovation in Franz Kafka's Fin de Siecle (2000)
  • Maoz Kahana, Mi-Prag li-Presburg: ketivah hilkhatit be-olam mishtaneh (From Prague to Pressburg) (2015)
  • Joseph M. Davis, Yom-Tov Lipmann Heller: Portrait of a Seventeenth-Century Rabbi (2004)
  • David Assaf, The Regal Way: The Life and Times of Rabbi Israel of Ruzhin (2002)
  • Immanuel Etkes, Rabbi Israel Salanter and the Mussar Movement: Seeking the Torah of Truth (1993)
  • Arthur Green, Tormented Master: A Life of Rabbi Nahman of Bratslav (1979)
  • Rachel Manekin, The Rebellion of the Daughters: Jewish Women Runaways in Habsburg Galicia (2020)
  • A. Beider ; L. Menk, Dictionnaires des patronymes juifs d'Europe de l'Est (Beider : Empire russe 2008, Royaume de Pologne 1996, Galicie 2004) et judéo-allemands (Menk 2005), Avotaynu
  • jewishencyclopedia.com

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