יהודי קובנה
Region: Europe orientale
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Kaunas (Kovno), provisional capital of independent Lithuania between the wars, was home to a large and well-organized Jewish community, endowed with schools, newspapers, and several great yeshivot, notably in the suburb of Slobodka, a renowned center of the Moussar ethical movement. Jews there were merchants, craftsmen, and members of the liberal professions, and the city was a hub of Lithuanian Jewish cultural and political life. During the German occupation, beginning in 1941, mass massacres took place at the Ninth Fort, followed by the establishment of a ghetto. Liquidated in 1944, this ghetto saw the great majority of its inhabitants perish.
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